土耳其慢性病患者自我护理行为及对慢性病适应的个体层面决定因素：一项单中心横断面研究
Individual-Level Determinants of Self-Care Behaviors and Adaptation to Chronic Illness in Turkish Patients With Chronic Disease: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study.
作者信息
Kılıç Yasin Furkan, Yardımcı Gürel Tuğba
机构信息
Coronary Intensive Care Unit, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey.
Department of Nursing, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey.
出版信息
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2025 Feb 7;18:637-650. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S500065. eCollection 2025.
PURPOSE
The study aimed to investigate the relationship between self-care management behaviors of individuals with chronic disease and their adaptation to chronic illness.
METHODS
This cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted with 312 patients treated at a Training and Research Hospital in Turkey between December 2023 and March 2024. The data were collected using a Sociodemographic Characteristics Form, the Self-Care Management Scale in Chronic Illness (SCMP-G) and the Adaptation to Chronic Illness Scale (ACIS).
RESULTS
Mean total scores of the participants for SCMP-G were 107.52 ± 12.51 and 77.00 ± 10.00 for ACIS. There was a low-level negative correlation between age and chronic disease adaptation (rh = -0.201; P < 0.001). Adaptation to chronic illness decreased with increasing age. There was a low-level negative correlation between BMI and physical adaptation (rh = -0.127; P = 0.026) and self-guarding (rh = -0.114; P = 0.046). As BMI increased, physical adaptation and self-guarding decreased. Regression analyses revealed that age (β = -0.115, t = -0.511, P < 0.05) and economic status (β = 2.698, t = -2.487, P < 0.05) had a significant effect on adaptation to chronic illness. Multiple regression analysis of the effect of self-guarding and social guarding variables on adaptation to chronic illness was significant (F = 3.504, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the present study, self-care management behaviors have a significant effect on adaptation to chronic illness and individual characteristics affect the results. Individual assistance should be extended to the patients to develop self-care management behaviors, which can induce lifestyle changes and necessary trainings should be planned. Future research should prioritize evaluating nurse-led interdisciplinary interventions and exploring the impact of tailored strategies for specific chronic conditions to improve self-care and adaptation.
目的
本研究旨在调查慢性病患者的自我护理管理行为与其对慢性病适应情况之间的关系。
方法
本横断面相关性研究于2023年12月至2024年3月期间，对在土耳其一家培训与研究医院接受治疗的312名患者进行。数据收集采用社会人口学特征表、慢性病自我护理管理量表（SCMP-G）和慢性病适应量表（ACIS）。
结果
参与者SCMP-G的平均总分是107.52±12.51，ACIS的平均总分是77.00±10.00。年龄与慢性病适应之间存在低度负相关（rh=-0.201；P<0.001）。慢性病适应情况随年龄增长而下降。体重指数（BMI）与身体适应（rh=-0.127；P=0.026）和自我防护（rh=-0.114；P=0.046）之间存在低度负相关。随着BMI的增加，身体适应和自我防护能力下降。回归分析显示，年龄（β=-0.115，t=-0.511，P<0.05）和经济状况（β=2.698，t=-2.487，P<0.05）对慢性病适应有显著影响。自我防护和社会防护变量对慢性病适应影响的多元回归分析具有显著性（F=3.504，P<0.05）。
结论
基于本研究结果，自我护理管理行为对慢性病适应有显著影响，个体特征会影响结果。应向患者提供个人援助以培养自我护理管理行为，这可促使生活方式改变，并应规划必要的培训。未来研究应优先评估以护士为主导的多学科干预措施，并探索针对特定慢性病的定制策略对改善自我护理和适应情况的影响。
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