孕期及产后的强迫症（OCD）症状：患病率、稳定性、预测因素以及与围产期抑郁症状的共病情况。
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms during pregnancy and postpartum: prevalence, stability, predictors, and comorbidity with peripartum depression symptoms.
作者信息
Nakić Radoš Sandra, Brekalo Maja, Matijaš Marijana, Žutić Maja
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 244, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.
Amsterdam Business School, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
出版信息
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025 Feb 17;25(1):176. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-07302-y.
BACKGROUND
Pregnancy and postpartum are considered vulnerable periods for new parents to develop obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The aim of this study was threefold: (1) to establish the prevalence of OCD symptoms and its course in the peripartum period; (2) to examine comorbidity with depressive symptoms; and (3) to investigate which sociodemographic, obstetric, and individual characteristics are predictors of OCD symptoms.
METHODS
A longitudinal study included 397 women during pregnancy (T1) and 6-12 weeks postpartum (T2). Participants filled out the obstetrical and demographic sheet, Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), Emotional Stability subscale from the International Personality Item Pool-50 (IPIP-50), Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) all at T1, and Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) at T1 and T2.
RESULTS
In this sample, 15.1% of women reported OCD symptoms during pregnancy and 15.1% in the postpartum, with 9.8% of women who had symptoms at both time points. However, the majority of women experienced symptoms of mild severity, according to the Y-BOCS. Of the women experiencing OCD symptoms, 33% and 43% had comorbid depressive symptoms in pregnancy and the postpartum period, respectively. The level of OCD symptoms significantly decreased after childbirth. None of the sociodemographic or obstetric variables were a significant predictor of OCD symptoms during pregnancy or postpartum. After controlling for current depression symptoms, higher psychological concerns of anxiety sensitivity (but not physical and social concerns) and higher neuroticism were significant predictors of higher levels of OCD symptoms both at T1 and T2. At the same time, higher resilience was a significant predictor of lower levels of OCD symptoms only at T1.
CONCLUSION
One in six women has OCD symptoms in the peripartum period, with substantial comorbidity with depression symptoms. Women who are high on neuroticism and anxiety sensitivity are prone to OCD symptoms, while resilience is a significant protective factor.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER
Not applicable.
背景
怀孕和产后被认为是新父母患强迫症（OCD）的易发病期。本研究的目的有三个：（1）确定围产期强迫症症状的患病率及其病程；（2）检查与抑郁症状的共病情况；（3）调查哪些社会人口学、产科和个体特征是强迫症症状的预测因素。
方法
一项纵向研究纳入了397名孕期（T1）和产后6 - 12周（T2）的女性。参与者在T1时填写产科和人口学表格、焦虑敏感性指数（ASI）、国际个性项目池 - 50（IPIP - 50）的情绪稳定性子量表、简短复原力量表（BRS），并在T1和T2时填写耶鲁 - 布朗强迫症量表（Y - BOCS）和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）。
结果
在这个样本中，15.1%的女性在孕期报告有强迫症症状，产后为15.1%，9.8%的女性在两个时间点都有症状。然而，根据Y - BOCS量表，大多数女性的症状为轻度。在有强迫症症状的女性中，分别有33%和43%在孕期和产后有共病抑郁症状。产后强迫症症状水平显著下降。没有社会人口学或产科变量是孕期或产后强迫症症状的显著预测因素。在控制当前抑郁症状后，焦虑敏感性的较高心理担忧（而非身体和社会担忧）以及较高的神经质是T1和T2时较高水平强迫症症状的显著预测因素。同时，较高的复原力仅是T1时较低水平强迫症症状的显著预测因素。
结论
六分之一的女性在围产期有强迫症症状，且与抑郁症状有大量共病。神经质和焦虑敏感性高的女性易患强迫症症状，而复原力是一个重要的保护因素。
临床试验编号
不适用。
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