Young Elizabeth D, Morgan Shae D, Ferguson Sarah Hargus
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Communicative Disorders, University of Louisville, Kentucky.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2025 Mar 5;68(3):1263-1276. doi: 10.1044/2024_JSLHR-24-00325. Epub 2025 Feb 18.
Previous work has shown that judgments of emotion differ between clear and conversational speech, particularly for perceived anger. The current study examines talker differences in perceived emotion for a database of talkers producing clear and conversational speech.
A database of 41 talkers was used to assess talker differences in six emotion categories ("Anger," "Fear," "Disgust," "Happiness," "Sadness," and "Neutral"). Twenty-six healthy young adult listeners rated perceived emotion in 14 emotionally neutral sentences produced in clear and conversational styles by all talkers in the database. Generalized linear mixed-effects modeling was utilized to examine talker differences in all six emotion categories.
There was a significant effect of speaking style for all emotion categories, and substantial talker differences existed after controlling for speaking style in all categories. Additionally, many emotion categories, including anger, had significant Talker × Style interactions. Perceived anger was significantly higher in clear speech compared to conversational speech for 85% of the talkers.
While there is a large speaking style effect for perceived anger, the magnitude of the effect varies between talkers. The perception of negatively valenced emotions in clear speech, including anger, may result in unintended interpersonal consequences for those utilizing clear speech as a communication facilitator. Further research is needed to examine potential acoustic sources of perceived anger in clear speech.
先前的研究表明，清晰语音和会话语音中的情绪判断存在差异，尤其是在感知愤怒方面。本研究考察了在一个包含清晰语音和会话语音的说话者数据库中，说话者在感知情绪方面的差异。
使用一个包含41名说话者的数据库，评估说话者在六种情绪类别（“愤怒”“恐惧”“厌恶”“快乐”“悲伤”和“中性”）上的差异。26名健康的年轻成年听众对数据库中所有说话者以清晰和会话风格说出的14个情绪中性句子中的感知情绪进行了评分。采用广义线性混合效应模型来考察所有六种情绪类别中说话者的差异。
所有情绪类别都存在显著的说话风格效应，并且在控制了所有类别的说话风格后，存在显著的说话者差异。此外，许多情绪类别，包括愤怒，都存在显著的说话者×风格交互作用。对于85%的说话者来说，清晰语音中的感知愤怒显著高于会话语音。
虽然在感知愤怒方面存在较大的说话风格效应，但效应的大小因说话者而异。清晰语音中包括愤怒在内的负性情绪感知，可能会给那些将清晰语音作为沟通辅助手段的人带来意想不到的人际后果。需要进一步的研究来考察清晰语音中感知愤怒的潜在声学来源。
