Punctate chemical lesions of striate cortex in the macaque monkey: effect on visually guided saccades.

Chemical agents which reversibly or irreversibly disrupt neural processing offer several advantages over traditional techniques for behavioral studies of the central nervous system. In order to evaluate the utility of chemical agents for a behavioral analysis of visual cortical function in primates, we have tested the effects of muscimol and ibotenic acid on the function of striate cortex in awake, behaving monkeys. We studied the monkey's ability to generate saccadic eye movements to visual targets at various locations in the visual field following an injection of one or the other chemical solution into a topographically identified location in striate cortex. Our results show that deficits in the generation of visually guided saccades following such injections are similar to those that result from surgical ablation of striate cortex, although recovery is more rapid following the injections. The experiments indicate that, with certain restrictions, chemical inactivation is a useful technique for behavioral analysis of visual cortical function.