Yang Qing, Chen Mingming, Pei Chengqian, Liu Bo, Zhao Meng, Wang Xuanjun, Lin Zhe, Li Linmin
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Multiflow and Fluid Machinery, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310030, China.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2025 Mar;114:107278. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107278. Epub 2025 Feb 16.
Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is widely found in fluid machinery and has emerged as a significant technology in several engineering fields. To investigate the erosion characteristics caused by HC, experimental tests under varying conditions are conducted in this study using a Venturi test section with different divergent angles. The qualitative erosion risk distributions under different conditions are represented through paint experiments, showing that the erosion risk increases as the divergent angle decreases. Subsequently, a Eulerian-Lagrangian multiscale cavitation model is adopted to simulate HC in the test section. This model directly resolves large-scale cavities using the volume of fluid (VOF) method and simultaneously tracks sub-scale discrete bubbles using a discrete bubble model (DBM). A modified aggressive indicator [Li et al., Int. J. Mech. Sci. 262, 108,735 (2024)] is incorporated into the multiscale cavitation model to account for the erosion power produced by multiscale cavitation behaviors, thereby reproducing the distribution of cavitation erosion risks. Simulations corresponding to the experimental conditions are conducted, and the results show that the simulated cavitation features align well with the experimental observations. Furthermore, the cavitation erosion risk distributions predicted by the present model agree well with the paint tests, confirming the reliability of our model.
水力空化（HC）在流体机械中广泛存在，并已成为多个工程领域的一项重要技术。为了研究由水力空化引起的侵蚀特性，本研究使用具有不同扩散角的文丘里试验段在不同条件下进行了实验测试。通过涂漆实验表征了不同条件下的定性侵蚀风险分布，结果表明侵蚀风险随着扩散角的减小而增加。随后，采用欧拉-拉格朗日多尺度空化模型对试验段中的水力空化进行模拟。该模型使用流体体积（VOF）方法直接求解大尺度空泡，并同时使用离散气泡模型（DBM）跟踪小尺度离散气泡。将一种改进的侵蚀指标[Li等人，《国际机械科学杂志》262, 108,735 (2024)]纳入多尺度空化模型，以考虑多尺度空化行为产生的侵蚀功率，从而再现空蚀风险的分布。进行了与实验条件对应的模拟，结果表明模拟的空化特征与实验观测结果吻合良好。此外，本模型预测的空蚀风险分布与涂漆试验结果吻合良好，证实了我们模型的可靠性。
