Ramin-Wright Leandra, Kaempfen Sirée, Delgado-Eckert Edgar, Sanchez Carlos, Schulzke Sven M, Stoecklin Benjamin
Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital Basel UKBB, Spitalstrasse 33, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
University Children's Hospital Basel UKBB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 19;15(1):6104. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-89174-y.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common respiratory complication after preterm birth. Early preventive measures are important to reduce further damage on lung tissue. Thus, early discrimination between infants with and without BPD is of high importance. A low sample entropy (SampEn) of time series of the oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO-SampEn for short) is associated with an increased risk of hypoxemic events in neonates. We hypothesized that preterm infants have a lower SpO-SampEn compared to term infants. Moreover, that infants with BPD have a lower SpO-SampEn compared to those without BPD. Preterm infants < 32 w gestation and healthy term infants were eligible for study. We recorded SpO over 90 min through the clinical monitoring system with a sampling frequency of 0.98 Hz and calculated the SpO-SampEn at 32 w postmenstrual age (PMA), 36 w PMA, and at discharge. We included 95 term and 180 preterm infants, of whom 44 (24.4%) developed BPD. SpO-SampEn was lower in preterm infants compared to term infants. SpO-SampEn was lower in infants with BPD compared to infants without BPD at 32 w PMA. However, gestational age was the only predictor of SampEn at 32 w PMA. This difference between infants with and without BPD was no longer present at 36 w PMA and discharge. SpO-SampEn can be utilized to discriminate between preterm and term infants and between preterm infants with and without BPD. However, confounding factors such as caffeine therapy, gestational age and the natural boundary of 100% of SpO values have to be considered.
支气管肺发育不良（BPD）是早产最常见的呼吸系统并发症。早期预防措施对于减少对肺组织的进一步损害很重要。因此，早期区分患有和未患有BPD的婴儿至关重要。氧合血红蛋白饱和度时间序列的低样本熵（简称为SpO-SampEn）与新生儿低氧血症事件风险增加相关。我们假设，与足月儿相比，早产儿的SpO-SampEn较低。此外，与未患BPD的婴儿相比，患BPD的婴儿SpO-SampEn较低。孕周<32周 的早产儿和健康足月儿符合研究条件。我们通过临床监测系统以0.98Hz的采样频率记录90分钟的SpO，并在孕龄（PMA）32周、36周和出院时计算SpO-SampEn。我们纳入了95名足月儿和180名早产儿，其中44名（24.4%）患BPD。与足月儿相比，早产儿的SpO-SampEn较低。在PMA 32周时，与未患BPD的婴儿相比，患BPD的婴儿SpO-SampEn较低。然而，孕龄是PMA 32周时样本熵的唯一预测因素。在PMA 36周和出院时，患BPD和未患BPD的婴儿之间的这种差异不再存在。SpO-SampEn可用于区分早产儿和足月儿以及患BPD和未患BPD的早产儿。然而，必须考虑诸如咖啡因治疗、孕龄和SpO值100%的自然界限等混杂因素。
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