NNN 联系在肝移植术后护理中的应用与评估：一项前瞻性研究。
Application and assessment of NNN linkages in liver transplant postoperative care: a prospective study.
作者信息
Shen MingYan, Han LinQiu, Shi ZuXin, Feng ZhiXian
机构信息
Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2025 Feb 19;24(1):195. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-02816-4.
BACKGROUND
Standardized nursing frameworks are widely used to unify nursing practices and enhance patient outcomes, but their application in liver transplantation is still limited. This study evaluates the use of NANDA-I, NOC, and NIC linkages in the perioperative care of liver transplant recipients, aiming to inform future nursing practice improvements.
METHODS
This prospective observational cohort study (December 2022-August 2023) included 44 liver transplant recipients using consecutive sampling. The Delphi method refined the NANDA-I, NOC, and NIC (NNN) linkage framework to 15 nursing diagnoses, 42 outcomes, and 106 interventions. Postoperative NOC indicators were assessed on surgery day and postoperative days 3, 7, 14, and at discharge. One-way repeated measures ANOVA, with Greenhouse-Geisser correction for sphericity violations, analyzed the indicators.
RESULTS
Twelve nursing diagnoses had a 100% usage rate, with an average intervention usage rate of 96.59%. Nine diagnoses showed consistent improvement in NOC scores across four time points, with significant differences (P < 0.008). In contrast, five diagnoses displayed fluctuating scores, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
CONCLUSIONS
The NNN linkages effectively tracked postoperative changes and guided care for liver transplant patients. The findings support refining nursing care protocols to address fluctuating outcomes and improve patient recovery.
背景
标准化护理框架被广泛用于统一护理实践并改善患者预后，但它们在肝移植中的应用仍然有限。本研究评估了NANDA-I、NOC和NIC关联在肝移植受者围手术期护理中的应用，旨在为未来护理实践的改进提供依据。
方法
这项前瞻性观察性队列研究（2022年12月至2023年8月）采用连续抽样法纳入了44例肝移植受者。采用德尔菲法将NANDA-I、NOC和NIC（NNN）关联框架细化为15项护理诊断、42项结局和106项干预措施。在手术日、术后第3天、第7天、第14天及出院时评估术后NOC指标。采用单因素重复测量方差分析，并对违反球对称性的数据进行Greenhouse-Geisser校正，以分析各项指标。
结果
12项护理诊断的使用率为100%，平均干预使用率为96.59%。9项诊断在四个时间点的NOC评分均呈持续改善，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.008）。相比之下，5项诊断的评分出现波动，这突出表明需要进行有针对性的干预。
结论
NNN关联有效地跟踪了肝移植患者术后的变化并指导了护理。研究结果支持完善护理方案，以应对波动的结局并改善患者康复情况。
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