Yan Nan, Ning Cong, Liu Xuejie, Zhu Yutian
College of Chemistry, Research Institute for Scientific and Technological Innovation, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China.
College of Materials and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2025 May;46(9):e2401023. doi: 10.1002/marc.202401023. Epub 2025 Feb 20.
Self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) into anisotropic colloidal particles within 3D emulsion droplets has attracted considerable interest since the confined assembly in deformable geometries offers significant potential for designing and constructing specific anisotropic polymer materials for various applications. By precisely controlling the deformation of emulsion droplets, nucleation, and deposition sequence of BCP segments at the oil/water interface, various anisotropic polymer assembly particles with tunable shapes and internal structures can be generated. This review summarizes the recent advancements in the design and formation of anisotropic polymer assembly particles via confined assembly of BCPs, including an overview of emulsification techniques and methods, the regulation of particle shapes and internal structures, as well as the diverse applications of resulting anisotropic particles. Typically, the regulation of anisotropic shapes can be achieved through experimental approaches, such as the volume ratio and interactions between blocks, surfactant selectivity, crystallization-induced deformation, stimuli-responsive additives, evaporation rate, post-annealing, confinement degree, and disassembly of prepared polymer colloids. Finally, the further perspectives and challenges in the construction anisotropic functional polymer materials are discussed.
嵌段共聚物（BCPs）在三维乳液滴内自组装成各向异性胶体颗粒，这一现象自被发现以来就引起了广泛关注，因为在可变形几何结构中的受限组装为设计和构建适用于各种应用的特定各向异性聚合物材料提供了巨大潜力。通过精确控制乳液滴的变形、BCP链段在油/水界面的成核和沉积顺序，可以生成具有可调形状和内部结构的各种各向异性聚合物组装颗粒。本文综述了通过BCPs的受限组装设计和形成各向异性聚合物组装颗粒的最新进展，包括乳化技术和方法的概述、颗粒形状和内部结构的调控，以及所得各向异性颗粒的各种应用。通常，各向异性形状的调控可以通过实验方法实现，如嵌段之间的体积比和相互作用、表面活性剂选择性、结晶诱导变形、刺激响应添加剂、蒸发速率、后退火、受限程度以及制备的聚合物胶体的拆解。最后，讨论了构建各向异性功能聚合物材料的进一步前景和挑战。
