Elder J P, Hovell M F, Lasater T M, Wells B L, Carleton R A
Health Educ Q. 1985 Summer;12(2):151-68. doi: 10.1177/109019818501200203.
Principles of behavior modification increasingly have been applied to community health education and offer considerable promise for public health in general. Behavior modification procedures can be conceptualized in a 2 X 2 framework with desired goals being either to increase and strengthen or decrease and weaken behavior, and procedures producing essentially positive or negative consequences. Modifying specific behavioral risk factors for the prevention of heart disease may include the use of positive reinforcement, shaping, differential reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and "punishment." The use of an adequate "behavior analytic" history, highly acceptable interventions, observable effects, inexpensive materials and procedures, community-owned programs, and other practical guidelines can help optimize the effectiveness of behavior modification for health education in the community.
行为矫正原则越来越多地应用于社区健康教育，并总体上为公共卫生带来了巨大希望。行为矫正程序可以在一个2×2框架中进行概念化，期望的目标要么是增加和强化行为，要么是减少和弱化行为，而程序会产生本质上积极或消极的后果。改变预防心脏病的特定行为危险因素可能包括使用正强化、塑造、差别强化、负强化和“惩罚”。运用充分的“行为分析”背景、高度可接受的干预措施、可观察到的效果、廉价的材料和程序、社区自主项目以及其他实用指南，有助于优化社区健康教育中行为矫正的效果。
