Schwarz M
HNO. 1985 Apr;33(4):180-2.
The squamous epithelium and the granulating chronically inflamed mucosa of the middle ear are responsible for the development of a cholesteatoma. Squamous epithelium is stimulated to grow if it borders on granulation tissue, as in wound healing. Thus if granulation tissue forms in the tympanic membrane the basal membrane degenerates at circumscribed points and these matrix cells produce processes which grow in an atypical direction into the middle ear. The resulting mass of prickle cells acts as a foreign body and stimulates the growth of bone destroying soft tissue. This explains the posterior superior defect in the tympanic membrane.
中耳的鳞状上皮和慢性炎症肉芽组织是胆脂瘤形成的原因。如果鳞状上皮与肉芽组织相邻，就会像伤口愈合一样受到刺激而生长。因此，如果鼓膜形成肉芽组织，基底膜会在特定部位退化，这些基质细胞会产生突起，以非典型方向生长到中耳。由此产生的棘细胞团块起到异物的作用，刺激破坏骨骼的软组织生长。这就解释了鼓膜后上象限的缺损。
