Segmentation and severity classification of scar tissues in LGE-CMR images using HDResC-Net with Flamingo gannet search optimization.

Late gadolinium enhanced-cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR) images play a critical role in evaluating cardiac pathology, where scar tissue serves as a vital indicator impacting prognosis and treatment decisions. However, accurately segmenting scar tissues and assessing their severity present challenges due to complex tissue composition and imaging artifacts. Existing methods often lack precision and robustness, limiting their clinical applicability. This work proposes a novel methodology that integrates the optimal segmentation algorithm (OSA) for segmentation and Flamingo Gannet search optimization-enabled hybrid deep residual convolutional network (FGSO-HDResC-Net) for severity classification of scar tissues in LGE-CMR images. Initially, the input image is pre-processed by using the adaptive Gabor Kuwahara filter. Then, the approach combines myocardium segmentation via region-based convolutional neural network and scar segmentation using OSA. Subsequently, FGSO-HDResC-Net integrates feature extraction and classification while optimizing hyperparameters through Flamingo Gannet search optimization. The feature extraction stage introduces two sets of techniques: localization features with texture analysis and spatial/temporal features using a deep residual network, complemented by feature fusion using the fractional concept. These features are inputted into a customized 1D convolutional neural network model for severity classification. Through comprehensive evaluation, the effectiveness of FGSO-HDResC-Net in accurately classifying scar tissue severity is demonstrated, offering improved disease assessment and treatment planning for cardiac patients. Moreover, the proposed FGSO-HDResC-Net model demonstrated superior performance, achieving an accuracy of 96.45%, a true positive rate of 95.42%, a true negative rate of 96.48%, a positive predictive value of 94.20%, and a negative predictive value of 94.18%. The accuracy of the devised model is 14.50%, 12.99%, 10.74%, 9.75%, 12.79%, and 11.26% improved than the traditional models.