Lacerda Guilherme J M, Costa Valton, Camargo Lucas, Battistella Linamara R, Imamura Marta, Fregni Felipe
Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 04116-030, Brazil.
Neurol Int. 2025 Jan 28;17(2):21. doi: 10.3390/neurolint17020021.
Neuroplasticity, involving cortical and subcortical reorganization, plays a critical role in the adaptation and compensation process post-amputation. However, underlying neurophysiological changes remain unclear, particularly in brain oscillations. This is a cross-sectional analysis that includes baseline data from 48 individuals with lower limb amputation from our DEFINE Cohort Study project. EEG data were collected using a 64-channel system during a 5-min resting-state period. Preprocessed data were analyzed for delta and alpha oscillations across frontal, central, and parietal regions. Logistic regression models examined associations between EEG oscillations and clinical variables, including cognition (MoCA), functional independence (FIM), and phantom limb sensations (PLS). The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed distinct patterns of association between EEG oscillations and clinical variables. Delta oscillations were inversely associated with cognitive scores (OR: 0.69; = 0.048), while higher delta power was related to the absence of PLS (OR: 58.55; < 0.01). Frontal alpha power was positively linked to cognitive function (OR: 1.55; = 0.02) but negatively associated with functional independence (OR: 0.75; = 0.04). These findings suggest that lower frequencies, such as delta oscillations, play a role as potential compensatory brain rhythms. In contrast, alpha oscillations may reflect a more adapted pattern of brain reorganization after amputation.
神经可塑性涉及皮质和皮质下重组，在截肢后的适应和补偿过程中起着关键作用。然而，潜在的神经生理变化仍不清楚，尤其是在脑振荡方面。这是一项横断面分析，纳入了我们DEFINE队列研究项目中48名下肢截肢患者的基线数据。在5分钟静息期使用64通道系统收集脑电图（EEG）数据。对预处理后的数据进行分析，以研究额叶、中央和顶叶区域的δ波和α波振荡情况。逻辑回归模型检验了EEG振荡与临床变量之间的关联，这些临床变量包括认知（蒙特利尔认知评估量表[MoCA]）、功能独立性（功能独立性测量量表[FIM]）和幻肢感觉（PLS）。多变量逻辑回归分析揭示了EEG振荡与临床变量之间不同的关联模式。δ波振荡与认知得分呈负相关（比值比[OR]：0.69；P = 0.048），而较高的δ波功率与无幻肢感觉相关（OR：58.55；P < 0.01）。额叶α波功率与认知功能呈正相关（OR：1.55；P = 0.02），但与功能独立性呈负相关（OR：0.75；P = 0.04）。这些发现表明，较低频率的振荡，如δ波振荡，作为潜在的代偿性脑节律发挥作用。相比之下，α波振荡可能反映了截肢后脑重组的一种更适应的模式。
