Datta Deepanjan, Colaco Viola, Bandi Sony Priyanka, Dhas Namdev, Janardhanam Leela Sai Lokesh, Singh Sudarshan, Vora Lalitkumar K
Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2025 Mar 10;11(3):1338-1372. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c02264. Epub 2025 Feb 25.
The rapid increase in the number of stimuli-responsive polymers, also known as smart polymers, has significantly advanced their applications in various fields. These polymers can respond to multiple stimuli, such as temperature, pH, solvent, ionic strength, light, and electrical and magnetic fields, making them highly valuable in both the academic and industrial sectors. Recent studies have focused on developing hydrogels with self-healing properties that can autonomously recover their structural integrity and mechanical properties after damage. These hydrogels, formed through dynamic covalent reactions, exhibit superior biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and responsiveness to stimuli, particularly pH changes. However, conventional hydrogels are limited by their weak and brittle nature. To address this, ionizable moieties within polyelectrolytes can be tuned to create ionically cross-linked hydrogels, leveraging natural polymers such as alginate, chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and cellulose. The integration of ionic liquids into these hydrogels enhances their mechanical properties and conductivity, positioning them as significant self-healing agents. This review focuses on the emerging field of stimuli-responsive ionic-based hydrogels and explores their potential in dermal applications and tissue engineering.
刺激响应性聚合物（也称为智能聚合物）数量的迅速增加，极大地推动了它们在各个领域的应用。这些聚合物能够对多种刺激做出响应，如温度、pH值、溶剂、离子强度、光以及电场和磁场，这使得它们在学术和工业领域都具有很高的价值。最近的研究集中在开发具有自愈特性的水凝胶，这种水凝胶在受损后能够自动恢复其结构完整性和机械性能。这些通过动态共价反应形成的水凝胶具有卓越的生物相容性、机械强度以及对刺激（尤其是pH变化）的响应能力。然而，传统水凝胶存在质地脆弱易损的局限。为解决这一问题，可以调节聚电解质中的可电离部分，利用藻酸盐、壳聚糖、透明质酸和纤维素等天然聚合物来制备离子交联水凝胶。将离子液体融入这些水凝胶可增强其机械性能和导电性，使其成为重要的自愈剂。本综述聚焦于新兴的基于离子的刺激响应性水凝胶领域，并探讨它们在皮肤应用和组织工程中的潜力。
