帕尔马兽医教学医院不同临床科室猫抗菌药物处方习惯概述。
Overview on antimicrobial prescription habits in cats at different clinical services of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Parma.
作者信息
Fidanzio Francesca, Rega Martina, Bertini Simone, Carrillo Heredero Alicia Maria, Corsini Andrea, Corti Francesca, Crosara Serena, Quintavalla Cecilia
机构信息
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, strada del Taglio 10, 43126, Parma, Italy.
出版信息
BMC Vet Res. 2025 Feb 26;21(1):106. doi: 10.1186/s12917-025-04602-5.
Antimicrobials are frequently administered for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes in companion animals. Their use is closely monitored as related to antimicrobial resistance both in human and veterinary medicine. This retrospective study aimed to describe antimicrobial prescription by different clinical services in cats visited at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Parma (VTH-UP) between January 2021 and December 2023. The antibiotic classes were divided according to the categorization of antibiotics adopted by the European Medicines Agency (EMA); EMA categories A and B were classified as Critically Important Antimicrobials (CIAs). Overall, 43.8%, 35.0%, and 35.0% of visited cats received an antimicrobial prescription in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively. Most of the prescriptions were Category C "Caution" antibiotics (49.0%, 54.0%, and 55.0% in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively). Category B "restrict" antibiotics represented 13.0%, 12.0%, and 11.0% of the total antimicrobials prescribed in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively. Penicillins associated with beta-lactam inhibitors were the most common antibiotics prescribed each year at the VTH-UP (32.0%, 31.3%, and 23.7% of total prescriptions in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively). Among CIAs, quinolones were the most common, with 12.1%, 11.2%, and 10.1% of the total prescriptions in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively. Culture and sensitivity tests (CSTs) were performed for 18.1% (85/470), 17.4% (73/420), and 23.0% (96/417) of the total prescriptions in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively. Considering only CIA prescriptions, CSTs were performed in 70.0% (49/70), 66.7% (38/57), and 70.9% (39/55) of CSTs in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively. Antimicrobial use varies considerably depending on the clinical service. The use of "restrict" antibiotics was very limited, and attention should be given to therapeutic and prophylactic use.
抗菌药物常用于伴侣动物的治疗和预防目的。在人类医学和兽医学中，其使用与抗菌药物耐药性密切相关，并受到密切监测。这项回顾性研究旨在描述2021年1月至2023年12月期间在帕尔马大学兽医教学医院（VTH - UP）就诊的猫中，不同临床科室的抗菌药物处方情况。抗生素类别根据欧洲药品管理局（EMA）采用的抗生素分类进行划分；EMA的A类和B类被归类为 critically important antimicrobials（CIA，极其重要的抗菌药物）。总体而言，2021年、2022年和2023年分别有43.8%、35.0%和35.0%的就诊猫接受了抗菌药物处方。大多数处方为C类“谨慎使用”抗生素（2021年、2022年和2023年分别为49.0%、54.0%和55.0%）。B类“限制使用”抗生素分别占2021年、2022年和2023年所开抗菌药物总数的13.0%、12.0%和ll.0%。与β - 内酰胺酶抑制剂联合使用的青霉素是VTH - UP每年最常用的抗生素（2021年、2022年和2023年分别占总处方的32.0%、31.3%和23.7%）。在CIA中，喹诺酮类最为常见，2021年、2022年和2023年分别占总处方的12.1%、11.2%和10.1%。2021年、2022年和2023年分别对总处方的18.1%（85/470）、17.4%（73/420）和23.0%（96/417）进行了培养和药敏试验（CST）。仅考虑CIA处方时，2021年、2022年和2023年分别对70.0%（49/70）、66.7%（38/57）和70.9%（39/55）的CIA处方进行了CST。抗菌药物的使用因临床科室而异。“限制使用”抗生素的使用非常有限，应关注其治疗和预防用途。
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