Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
Top Companion Anim Med. 2021 Aug;44:100540. doi: 10.1016/j.tcam.2021.100540. Epub 2021 May 11.
Retrospective data on antimicrobial use (AMU) within the period ranging from January 2012-December 2015 was collected to assess the antimicrobial prescription patterns in pets (cats and dogs) treated by 16 veterinary private practitioners in the 2 main urban cities of Cameroon (Douala and Yaounde). The vet practitioners were interviewed in order to analyze prescribing behavior and factors influencing antimicrobial prescription. Out of a total of 3928 antimicrobial prescriptions, 3673(93.5%) were recorded in dogs and 255 (6.5%) in cats during the study period in 7 veterinary clinics. The most prescribed antimicrobials were sulfamethoxypyridazine-trimethoprim (dog: 31.2%; cat: 28.6%), benzylpenicillin-streptomycin (dogs:19.0%; cat:21.9%) and marbofloxacin (dogs:18.3%; cats:16.1%). Almost, 64.6% of antimicrobial prescription in dogs was categorized as highly important antimicrobials and 34.9% as critically important antimicrobial agents. In cats, 77.9% of antimicrobial prescription was categorized as highly important antimicrobials and 22.1% as critically important antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobials were mostly used for gastro-intestinal disorders (31.9%) and skin diseases (24. 1%) in dogs while they were mostly applied for surgical problems (29.8%), musculo-skeletal disease (20.4%) and gastro-intestinal tract diseases (19.6%) in cats. Fluoroquinolones were administered as first option instead of third option. Antimicrobials were associated with other veterinary drugs (anti-inflammatory, internal and external parasite therapy) in 75.3% of cases. The prescription of antimicrobials was based on clinical diagnosis (symptom-based), ease of drug administration, owner's purchasing power and antibiogram. This study highlights the necessity to promote antimicrobial stewardship in pet medicine in Cameroon. Confirmatory diagnosis and antibiotic susceptibility testing before antibiotic prescription should be encouraged. The uncontrolled use of critically important antimicrobials for human medicine and especially their indiscriminate use may favor the occurrence of AMR public health issues.
回顾了 2012 年 1 月至 2015 年 12 月期间在喀麦隆的两个主要城市（杜阿拉和雅温得）的 16 家私人兽医诊所中宠物（猫和狗）的抗菌药物使用（AMU）数据，以评估宠物的抗菌药物使用模式。采访兽医从业者，以分析处方行为和影响抗菌药物处方的因素。在总共 3928 张抗菌药物处方中，在研究期间，7 家兽医诊所中有 3673 张（93.5%）记录在狗中，255 张（6.5%）记录在猫中。最常开的抗菌药物是磺胺二甲嘧啶-甲氧苄啶（狗：31.2%；猫：28.6%）、苄青霉素-链霉素（狗：19.0%；猫：21.9%）和马波沙星（狗：18.3%；猫：16.1%）。狗的近 64.6%的抗菌药物处方被归类为高度重要的抗菌药物，34.9%被归类为极重要的抗菌药物。在猫中，77.9%的抗菌药物处方被归类为高度重要的抗菌药物，22.1%被归类为极重要的抗菌药物。抗菌药物主要用于治疗胃肠道疾病（31.9%）和皮肤病（24.1%），而在猫中，主要用于治疗外科问题（29.8%）、肌肉骨骼疾病（20.4%）和胃肠道疾病（19.6%）。氟喹诺酮类药物被用作首选药物，而不是第三选择。在 75.3%的情况下，抗菌药物与其他兽医药物（抗炎药、内外寄生虫治疗）联合使用。抗菌药物的处方是基于临床诊断（基于症状）、药物给药的便利性、主人的购买能力和抗生素敏感性测试。本研究强调了在喀麦隆促进宠物医学中抗菌药物管理的必要性。在开抗菌药物处方之前，应鼓励进行确认诊断和抗生素敏感性测试。人类医学中对极重要的抗菌药物的不受控制使用，特别是对这些药物的无差别使用，可能会导致抗菌素耐药性公共卫生问题的发生。
