Yossapol Montira, Srinontong Piyarat, Aengwanich Worapol, Panil Monchaya, Somsup Supissara, Odoi Justice Opare, Wandee Jaroon
Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44000, Thailand.
Bioveterinary Research Unit, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44000, Thailand.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2025 Feb 14;14(2):198. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics14020198.
Diabetes mellitus exacerbates immune dysfunction, leading to higher susceptibility to infections. This study investigated the effects of antibiotics on macrophage functions under high glucose conditions to mimic a diabetic context. Using murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7, the present study evaluated the cytotoxicity, phagocytosis, bactericidal activity, and pro-inflammatory cytokine production after treatment with four antibiotics: oxytetracycline, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and cefotaxime. All antibiotics demonstrated no cytotoxicity across 1×-8× MIC concentrations. Hyperglycemia significantly impaired macrophage phagocytosis and bactericidal activity while inducing pro-inflammatory mediator markers, and . Only ciprofloxacin significantly improved phagocytic achieving levels comparable to the low glucose control. Treatments with ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and cefotaxime significantly enhanced bactericidal activity without altering the pro-inflammatory cytokine profile. These findings underscore the negative effect of high glucose on macrophage functions and suggest that ciprofloxacin may be a potential therapeutic option for diabetes-associated infections.
糖尿病会加剧免疫功能障碍，导致对感染的易感性增加。本研究调查了抗生素在高糖条件下对巨噬细胞功能的影响，以模拟糖尿病环境。本研究使用小鼠巨噬细胞系RAW 264.7，评估了用四种抗生素（土霉素、环丙沙星、磺胺甲恶唑-甲氧苄啶和头孢噻肟）处理后的细胞毒性、吞噬作用、杀菌活性和促炎细胞因子的产生。在1×-8×MIC浓度范围内，所有抗生素均未显示出细胞毒性。高血糖显著损害巨噬细胞的吞噬作用和杀菌活性，同时诱导促炎介质标志物，并。只有环丙沙星显著改善了吞噬作用，达到了与低糖对照组相当的水平。用环丙沙星、磺胺甲恶唑-甲氧苄啶和头孢噻肟治疗可显著增强杀菌活性，而不改变促炎细胞因子谱。这些发现强调了高糖对巨噬细胞功能的负面影响，并表明环丙沙星可能是糖尿病相关感染的一种潜在治疗选择。
