Hatabah Dunia, Gupta Sneh Lata, Mantus Grace, Sullivan Patrick, Heilman Stacy, Camacho-Gonzalez Andres, Leake Deborah, Le Mimi, Griffiths Mark, Norwood Carson, Shih Samuel, Korman Rawan, Maziashvili Giorgi, Rees Chris A, Benedit Laura, Wynn Bridget A, Suthar Mehul, Vos Miriam B, Wrammert Jens, Morris Claudia R
Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2025 Feb 7;13(2):163. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13020163.
Vaccines against COVID-19 target the spike protein. There is minimal information on longitudinal COVID-19 immune profiling in recovered versus naïve and vaccinated versus non-vaccinated healthcare workers (HCWs). This is a prospective longitudinal observational cohort of pediatric HCWs (pHCWs) conducted during 2020-2022 at an academic center, exploring the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titers over time and cross-reactivity with other coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and seasonal coronaviruses (HCoV-HKU1 and HCoV-OC43). A total of 642 pHCWs initially enrolled, and 337 participants had repeat IgG titers measured post-vaccine and post-booster. Most participants were female, median age range of 31-40 years. Anti-spike was higher in all vaccinated individuals versus non-vaccinated ( < 0.0001) and naïve versus infected ( < 0.0001). A single dose of vaccine was sufficient to attain maximum titers in recovered participants versus naïve who received both doses of vaccine. Anti-spike titers dropped significantly at 9 months after the primary series, whereas sustained anti-spike titers were observed at 9 months post-booster. All vaccinated pHCWs developed antibodies to spike. COVID-19 infection and/or vaccination yielded antibodies that cross-reacted to SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, HCoV-HKU1, and HCoV-OC43. Anti-spike titers were more durable post-booster compared to the primary series. Longitudinal immune profiling of COVID-19 responses provides vital data to shape public health policies, optimize vaccine strategies, and strengthen pandemic preparedness.
Vaccines (Basel). 2025-2-7
Microbiol Spectr. 2021-10-31
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022