Grimes C T
Pediatr Ann. 1985 Mar;14(3):210-1, 214-5, 217-9.
The identification and measurement of hearing loss in infants and young children is necessary to implement appropriate medical treatment, to diagnose other conditions that may have hearing loss as an associated sign, and to implement habilitative measures that should prevent the delay of speech and language acquisition, psychosocial developmental problems and educational handicaps. Testing hearing in the 0 to 5-year-old age group is difficult but not impossible. Technological advances of the past 15 years have made reliable hearing test results rather common even with very young infants. The pediatrician is the first line of defense against the potentially serious effects of hearing loss. While the actual testing that can be done in the pediatrician's office is quite limited with the very young age group, suspicion of hearing loss is most frequently created through history and observational data. When suspicion exists, diagnostic facilities are available that can provide the instrumentation and techniques to determine the patient's auditory status.
识别和测量婴幼儿的听力损失对于实施适当的医学治疗、诊断可能伴有听力损失迹象的其他病症以及采取康复措施至关重要，这些措施应防止言语和语言习得延迟、心理社会发育问题和教育障碍。在0至5岁年龄组中进行听力测试虽困难但并非不可能。过去15年的技术进步使得即使对非常年幼的婴儿也能获得可靠的听力测试结果。儿科医生是抵御听力损失潜在严重影响的第一道防线。虽然在儿科医生办公室针对非常年幼的年龄组实际能进行的测试相当有限，但对听力损失的怀疑最常通过病史和观察数据产生。当存在怀疑时，有可用的诊断设施能够提供确定患者听觉状态的仪器和技术。
