Adaptation of dose-prescription for vestibular schwannoma radiosurgery taking body contouring method and heterogeneous material into account.

BACKGROUND

Majority of vestibular schwannoma (VS) patients have undergone gamma-knife radiosurgery (GKRS) with favorable results. Clinical evidence is derived from doses calculated with a type-a algorithm, which in this case assumes all material to be water. A type-b algorithm (Convolution algorithm [CA]) taking tissue heterogeneity into account is available. Historically, body contour is defined using a 16-point approximation, whereas modern softwares generate the body from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The accuracy in dose-calculation algorithms (DCA) and contouring method (CM) will have a significant influence in the relation between clinical outcome and dosimetric data. The objective was to investigate the impact of DCA and CMs on dose distribution while preserving treatment conditions.

METHODS

Treatment plans for 16 VS patients were recalculated in terms of DCA and CM. The difference in the dose covering 99% of the VS (DVS99%) depending on CM and DCA was estimated. The difference in DVS99% was used to adopt the prescription of new CA-based plans. CA-plans were recalculated to TMR10 to evaluate clinical treatability, as clinical evidence is derived from TMR10-doses.

RESULTS

Both CM and DCA had a significant impact on the dose to VS and surrounding structures. CM altered the doses homogenously by 2.1-3.3%, whereas DCA heterogeneously by 5.0-10.7%. An increase of 9.1[8.1, 10.0]% was found for DVS99% and the CA-plans recalculated into TMR10 resulted in clinically treatable plans.

INTERPRETATION

We conclude that transferring to more modern algorithms that take tissue heterogeneity into account heterogeneously alter dose distributions. This work establishes a safe pathway to adopt prescription dose for VS while preserving clinical treatability.