Ge Lijie, Tao Jiaxing, Zhao Yan, Zhang Zhuang, Li Shuai, Shi Ying
Hebei University of Architecture, Hebei, 075000, China.
School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 28;15(1):7174. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92003-x.
In order to study the application of Acoustic Full Waveform Signal analysis in blasting damage to tunnel surrounding rock, a formula for blasting damage increment considering cumulative effects was proposed by analyzing the Acoustic Full Waveform Signal before and after blasting, based on the concepts of elastic waves and damage degree. This formula allows the cumulative damage law of surrounding rock blasting to be calculated and analyzed. Furthermore, by introducing the Lorentz curve, Gini coefficient, and fractal theory, and combining them with the surrounding rock blasting damage law, their practicality in studying blasting damage was verified. By combining the change in the dominant frequency and amplitude of the Acoustic Full Waveform Signal before and after rock blasting, the variation law in the frequency domain was obtained and confirmed using the wavelet packet energy spectrum. The results showed that blasting damage intensified with the increase in the number of blasts, but the damage increment gradually decreased. The corresponding signal time-frequency characteristics were marked by the reduction of acoustic wave speed and amplitude, the shift of the main frequency and energy to lower frequencies, and the gradual decrease in the main frequency amplitude.
为研究声波全波形信号分析在隧道围岩爆破损伤中的应用，基于弹性波和损伤度概念，通过分析爆破前后的声波全波形信号，提出了考虑累积效应的爆破损伤增量公式。该公式可对围岩爆破累积损伤规律进行计算分析。此外，引入洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数和分形理论，并将其与围岩爆破损伤规律相结合，验证了它们在研究爆破损伤中的实用性。结合岩石爆破前后声波全波形信号主频和幅值的变化，利用小波包能量谱得到并验证了频域变化规律。结果表明，爆破损伤随爆破次数增加而加剧，但损伤增量逐渐减小。相应的信号时频特征表现为声波速度和幅值降低、主频和能量向低频偏移以及主频幅值逐渐减小。
