Martín Bazarra Paula, Esparcia Rodríguez Óscar, Gómez Martínez Angélica, Azancot Carballo Regina, Sainz de Baranda Camino Caridad, García Ibáñez Nerea, Fernández García María Dolores, Carranza González Rafael
Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital General Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain.
Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital General Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain; Grupo PREMICAB, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed). 2025 Aug-Sep;43(7):378-382. doi: 10.1016/j.eimce.2025.02.004. Epub 2025 Feb 28.
Gastrointestinal norovirus infections are highly prevalent, causing outbreaks especially in institutions such as nursing homes. We describe an outbreak caused by an emerging norovirus genotype.
We defined a case as a resident or worker of the centre with clinical signs and symptoms of AGE from 14 to 29 May 2022, with no underlying pathology to justify it. A clinical-epidemiological survey was carried out and stool samples were collected from patients with diarrhoea at the time of the study. Virological analysis was performed at the Microbiology Department of our hospital by antigenic detection (Certest®, Biotec SL) and/or multiplex PCR (AllplexTM GI-Virus Assay, Seegene®). Viral genotyping by sequencing was performed by the Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM).
The outbreak totaled 114 cases (99 residents, 15 workers), extending over 16 days. The most frequent symptoms were vomiting and diarrhoea. The overall attack rate was 30.8% (in workers 12.7%). Cases increased rapidly in the first 48h, falling progressively over successive days. Food contamination was ruled out, with person-to-person transmission being the most likely. Those affected improved clinically in less than 72h, with no deaths. We tested 14 samples from residents, which were positive for norovirus GII. The CNM received 8 samples, detecting norovirus genogroup GII, genotype 17 [P17] in 6.
Outbreaks of norovirus GEA in nursing homes can affect numerous users. In our case, norovirus genotype GII.17 was the aetiological agent, confirming its widespread dissemination in the last decade worldwide.
胃肠道诺如病毒感染非常普遍，尤其在养老院等机构引发疫情。我们描述了一起由一种新出现的诺如病毒基因型引起的疫情。
我们将病例定义为2022年5月14日至29日该中心出现急性胃肠炎临床症状和体征的居民或工作人员，且无潜在病理状况可解释这些症状。进行了临床流行病学调查，并在研究期间从腹泻患者中采集了粪便样本。我院微生物科通过抗原检测（Certest®，Biotec SL）和/或多重聚合酶链反应（AllplexTM GI-病毒检测试剂盒，Seegene®）进行病毒学分析。国家微生物中心（CNM）通过测序进行病毒基因分型。
此次疫情共114例（99名居民，15名工作人员），持续16天。最常见的症状是呕吐和腹泻。总体发病率为30.8%（工作人员为12.7%）。病例在最初48小时内迅速增加，随后几天逐渐下降。排除了食物污染，最有可能的传播途径是人际传播。感染者在不到72小时内临床症状改善，无死亡病例。我们检测了14名居民的样本，诺如病毒GII呈阳性。CNM收到8个样本，其中6个检测到诺如病毒基因组GII，基因型17 [P17]。
养老院中诺如病毒GEA疫情可影响众多使用者。在我们的病例中，诺如病毒基因型GII.17是病原体，证实了其在过去十年中在全球的广泛传播。
