Li Yutong, Wang Linhong, Chen Fengqi, Liao Rulan, Li Jing, Cao Xiaobin, Ouyang Songyun, Dai Liping, Du Renle
Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Beijing Genomics Institution (BGI) College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Front Immunol. 2025 Feb 14;16:1534078. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1534078. eCollection 2025.
Proteinase 3 (PRTN3) has been recognized as a crucial target for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody. However, the relationship between anti-PRTN3 autoantibody and cancer remains largely unexplored.
Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the level of PRTN3 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissue array. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to measure anti-PRTN3 IgG and IgM autoantibodies in plasma from patients with early- and advanced-stage LUAD, benign pulmonary nodules (BPN) and normal control (NC). Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were performed to confirm the presence of plasma immune response to PRTN3.
PRTN3 protein was highly expressed in LUAD tissues. Elevated plasma levels of anti-PRTN3 IgG and IgM autoantibodies were also detected in LUAD, especially in early LUAD. The AUC of anti-PRTN3 IgG autoantibodies in the diagnosis of early LUAD from NC was 0.782, and from BPN was 0.761. When CEA and anti-PRTN3 autoantibodies were combined, the AUC for the diagnosis of early LUAD was significantly higher than that of CEA alone. The presence of a plasma immune response to PRTN3 in LUAD was also confirmed.
Anti-PRTN3 IgG and IgM autoantibodies maybe early biomarkers to differentiate LUAD from NC and BPN.
蛋白酶3（PRTN3）已被公认为抗中性粒细胞胞浆自身抗体的关键靶点。然而，抗PRTN3自身抗体与癌症之间的关系在很大程度上仍未得到探索。
采用免疫组织化学法检测肺腺癌（LUAD）组织芯片中PRTN3的水平。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测早期和晚期LUAD患者、良性肺结节（BPN）患者及正常对照（NC）血浆中抗PRTN3 IgG和IgM自身抗体。进行蛋白质免疫印迹和免疫荧光染色以确认血浆对PRTN3的免疫反应的存在。
PRTN3蛋白在LUAD组织中高表达。在LUAD患者中也检测到血浆中抗PRTN3 IgG和IgM自身抗体水平升高，尤其是在早期LUAD患者中。抗PRTN3 IgG自身抗体在诊断早期LUAD与NC时的曲线下面积（AUC）为0.782，与BPN时为0.761。当癌胚抗原（CEA）与抗PRTN3自身抗体联合使用时，诊断早期LUAD的AUC显著高于单独使用CEA时。还证实了LUAD患者血浆对PRTN3存在免疫反应。
抗PRTN3 IgG和IgM自身抗体可能是区分LUAD与NC和BPN的早期生物标志物。
