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在现场规模的工业废物处置中增强六价铬的不可逆稳定性。

Enhanced irreversible stabilisation of hexavalent chromium in field-scale industrial waste disposal.

作者信息

Roy Choudhury Atun, Singh Neha, Lalwani Jitesh, Khodia Saurabh, Padhi Mandakini, Chitransh Susmit, Palani Sankar Ganesh, Mondal Prasenjit, Srinivasan Hemapriya

机构信息

Cube Bio Energy Pvt. Ltd. Madhapur Hyderabad Telangana 500081 India.

Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Hyderabad Campus Telangana 500078 India

出版信息

RSC Adv. 2025 Mar 3;15(9):6914-6930. doi: 10.1039/d4ra08092k. eCollection 2025 Feb 26.

DOI:10.1039/d4ra08092k
PMID:40035002
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11874930/
Abstract

Numerous industrial processes generate hazardous by-products, including persistent pollutants like chromium which pose a threat. Safe and cost-effective management of chromium is a major challenge in developing countries. This study investigates the selection and efficacy of chemical stabilizing agents for reducing hexavalent chromium (Cr(vi)) to trivalent chromium (Cr(iii)) in contaminated soil from a mining region in India. Various combinations of stabilizing reagents-including ferrous sulphate (FeSO), sodium sulphide (NaS), sodium sulphite (NaSO), sodium metabisulphite (NaSO), and sodium thiosulphate (NaSO)-in conjunction with binding agents (fly ash and lime) were evaluated using response surface methodology. The optimized reagent combinations resulting from the response outcome were applied to the contaminated soil samples to assess for irreversibility, leachability, and longevity, ensuring adherence to landfill disposal standards. The study established sodium thiosulphate as the most potent stabilizing reagent, requiring a mere 3.00% (by weight) dosage for treating Cr(vi) contaminated soil by 99.56% while maintaining irreversibility. Analytical determinations using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were performed to determine the crystallinity, surface morphology, and functional groups present in the stabilized material synthesized with NaSO to devise a stabilization reaction mechanism of Cr(vi) to Cr(iii) transformation. Ultimately, an economic analysis comparison supported the establishment of a combination of NaSO, lime, and fly ash in the ratio of 3.00% : 35.00% : 29.00% as the most cost-effective solution, surpassing conventional reagents' expenses by up to 356.00%.

摘要

许多工业生产过程都会产生有害副产品，其中包括像铬这样的持久性污染物，它们构成了威胁。对铬进行安全且具有成本效益的管理是发展中国家面临的一项重大挑战。本研究调查了用于将印度某矿区受污染土壤中的六价铬（Cr(Ⅵ)）还原为三价铬（Cr(Ⅲ)）的化学稳定剂的选择及其效果。使用响应面法评估了包括硫酸亚铁（FeSO）、硫化钠（NaS）、亚硫酸钠（NaSO）、焦亚硫酸钠（NaSO）和硫代硫酸钠（NaSO）在内的各种稳定剂组合与粘结剂（粉煤灰和石灰）的组合。将响应结果得出的优化试剂组合应用于受污染土壤样品，以评估其不可逆性、可浸出性和持久性，确保符合垃圾填埋处置标准。该研究确定硫代硫酸钠是最有效的稳定剂，只需3.00%（按重量计）的用量就能将Cr(Ⅵ)污染土壤处理99.56%，同时保持不可逆性。使用X射线衍射（XRD）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）和傅里叶变换红外光谱进行分析测定，以确定用NaSO合成的稳定材料中的结晶度、表面形态和官能团，从而设计Cr(Ⅵ)向Cr(Ⅲ)转化的稳定化反应机理。最终，经济分析比较支持将硫代硫酸钠、石灰和粉煤灰按3.00%∶35.00%∶29.00%的比例组合作为最具成本效益的解决方案，其成本比传统试剂低多达356.00%。

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