Chimnoi Wissanuwat, Jhaiaun Pairpailin, Phasuk Jumnongjit, Kaewnoi Domechai, Inpankaew Tawin, Nimsuphan Burin, Ngasaman Ruttayaporn, Kamyingkird Ketsarin
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
Parasitology. 2025 Mar;152(3):321-329. doi: 10.1017/S0031182025000277.
Anaplasmosis is a significant tick-borne disease (TBDs) caused by that affecting ruminant health and production worldwide. This study aimed to identify spp. infection using molecular as a fast diagnostic tool, perform a phylogenetic analysis and evaluate associated risk factors for combating spp. infection in small-scale livestock farms in Thailand. Total 963 blood samples from ruminants were collected from 125 farms across 4 regions of Thailand. Molecular diagnosis of spp. targeted the gene using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed and reported to the farmers within 14 days. Positive PCR products were purified, sequenced, and analysed the phylogenetic. Associated risk factor evaluations were conducted using R software. The overall prevalence of spp. infection in ruminants was 26.90%. The highest prevalence was observed in bullfighting cattle (47.06%), followed by beef cattle (35.75%), dairy cattle (21.73%), and goats (6.67%), with no infection in buffalo. Regionally, the Northern region had the highest prevalence (49.01%), followed by the Southern (25.88%), Central (22.01%), and Northeastern (13.81%) regions. spp. was commonly detected in Phrae, Chiang Rai, and Tak provinces. Sequencing confirmed 99.64% to 99.76% identity to sequences in GenBank. Risk factors associated with infection were history of TBDs on farm, animal illnesses, responsible person for treatment, and improper faeces removal practices. This study revealed a moderate to high infection across four regions. These findings underscore the need for enhanced tick control measures on farms, should be strictly implemented and promoted to reduce disease prevalence.
无形体病是一种由蜱传播的重要疾病，影响着全球反刍动物的健康和生产。本研究旨在使用分子方法作为快速诊断工具来鉴定无形体属感染，进行系统发育分析，并评估泰国小规模畜牧场中对抗无形体属感染的相关风险因素。从泰国4个地区的125个农场收集了963份反刍动物血液样本。使用常规聚合酶链反应（PCR）针对16S rRNA基因对无形体属进行分子诊断，并在14天内报告给养殖户。对PCR阳性产物进行纯化、测序并分析系统发育。使用R软件进行相关风险因素评估。反刍动物中无形体属感染的总体患病率为26.90%。在斗牛用牛中观察到的患病率最高（47.06%），其次是肉牛（35.75%）、奶牛（21.73%）和山羊（6.67%），水牛未感染。在地区上，北部地区患病率最高（49.01%），其次是南部（25.88%）、中部（22.01%）和东北部（13.81%）地区。无形体属在帕府、清莱府和夜丰颂府普遍被检测到。测序证实与GenBank中的序列有99.64%至99.76%的同一性。与无形体属感染相关的风险因素包括农场的蜱传疾病史、动物疾病、治疗负责人以及粪便清除不当的做法。本研究揭示了四个地区无形体属感染程度为中度到高度。这些发现强调了农场加强蜱控制措施的必要性，应严格实施和推广以降低疾病患病率。
