Holtmann Friederike-Johanna, Lalk Christopher, Rubel Julian, Vocks Silja
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Adulthood, Institute of Psychology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.
Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2025 Jul;33(4):815-824. doi: 10.1002/erv.3185. Epub 2025 Mar 5.
Reality TV model contests like Germany's Next Topmodel (GNTM) remain popular worldwide, but face media criticism for potentially impacting women's body image. This experience sampling study is the first to examine GNTM's impact on body dissatisfaction, affect, and self-esteem among women with and without eating disorders (EDs).
Women with (n = 36) and without self-reported EDs (n = 143) watched the 18 season of GNTM in their private environment to enhance ecological validity. Questionnaires on body dissatisfaction, body-related self-ideal discrepancy, affect, and self-esteem were completed before, during, and after each episode. Statistical analysis was conducted using Bayesian multilevel modelling.
After watching an episode, women with self-reported EDs showed a significantly stronger increase in body dissatisfaction, self-ideal discrepancy, and negative affect compared to women without EDs (p < 0.001). Moreover, in women with EDs, the self-ideal discrepancy became significantly greater over the course of the entire season (p < 0.01).
This study demonstrates that TV model contests may have negative psychological effects on women, particularly women with EDs. Accordingly, these shows may play a role in the aetiology and maintenance of EDs. Interventions increasing the critical distance to such content might be developed for at-risk groups.
诸如德国超模新秀大赛（GNTM）这类真人秀模特比赛在全球范围内依然很受欢迎，但因可能影响女性的身体形象而受到媒体批评。这项经验取样研究首次探讨了GNTM对患有和未患有饮食失调症（ED）的女性身体不满、情绪及自尊的影响。
自我报告患有ED的女性（n = 36）和未患有ED的女性（n = 143）在其私人环境中观看了GNTM第18季节目，以提高生态效度。在每集节目播放前、播放期间及播放后，完成关于身体不满、身体相关自我理想差异、情绪及自尊的问卷调查。使用贝叶斯多层次模型进行统计分析。
观看一集节目后，自我报告患有ED的女性相比未患有ED的女性，在身体不满、自我理想差异及消极情绪方面的增加显著更强（p < 0.001）。此外，在患有ED的女性中，整个赛季期间自我理想差异显著增大（p < 0.01）。
本研究表明，电视模特比赛可能对女性，尤其是患有ED的女性产生负面心理影响。因此，这些节目可能在ED的病因学及维持方面发挥作用。可以为高危群体制定干预措施，增加对这类内容的批判性距离。
