Lee Haeok, Mlombe Yohannie, Song Yeunjoo E, Yang Hyun-Sik, Phiri Tiwonge, Maseke Joseph, Bauleni Ether, Jun Gyungah R, Choi Yun-Beom, Ngoma Jonathan
Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
Hematology Unit, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Alzheimers Dement. 2025 Mar;21(3):e70009. doi: 10.1002/alz.70009.
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is experiencing a rapid increase in its aging population, including people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLHIV). The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of dementia among PLHIV and people without HIV (POHIV) in Malawi.
We conducted a retrospective medical record review of 400 consecutive patients from a single tertiary health center (200 PLHIV from an HIV clinic and 200 POHIV from an outpatient clinic) in Lilongwe, Malawi.
The overall rate of dementia was higher in PLHIV than that in POHIV (22% vs 10%; p = 1.4e). Older age, unknown employment or unemployed, and depression were significant risk factors for dementia for PLHIV, while older age and depression were significant among POHIV.
Our study confirmed the increased risk of dementia in PLHIV and provides valuable groundwork for future dementia studies to accurately examine the prevalence and risk factors of dementia in SSA, including Malawi.
Malawians, in SSA, face the double burden of HIV AD and related dementias. We conducted a retrospective medical record review to assess dementia prevalence and risk factors. Dementia prevalence was higher in PLHIV than in POHIV. Older age, unknown employment or unemployed, and depression were risk factors for dementia in PLHIV. Our findings, reflecting the current diagnosing and medical documenting practice in Malawi, provide valuable groundwork for future dementia research in Malawi.
撒哈拉以南非洲地区（SSA）的老年人口正在迅速增加，其中包括感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的人群（PLHIV）。本研究的目的是确定马拉维PLHIV和未感染HIV人群（POHIV）中痴呆症的患病率。
我们对马拉维利隆圭一家三级医疗中心的400例连续患者进行了回顾性病历审查（200例来自HIV诊所的PLHIV和200例来自门诊诊所的POHIV）。
PLHIV中痴呆症的总体发生率高于POHIV（22%对10%；p = 1.4e）。年龄较大、就业情况不明或失业以及抑郁是PLHIV患痴呆症的重要危险因素，而年龄较大和抑郁在POHIV中是重要危险因素。
我们的研究证实了PLHIV患痴呆症的风险增加，并为未来痴呆症研究提供了有价值的基础，以便准确研究包括马拉维在内的SSA地区痴呆症的患病率和危险因素。
在SSA地区，马拉维人面临着HIV相关痴呆症和其他相关痴呆症的双重负担。我们进行了回顾性病历审查以评估痴呆症患病率和危险因素。PLHIV中痴呆症患病率高于POHIV。年龄较大、就业情况不明或失业以及抑郁是PLHIV患痴呆症的危险因素。我们的研究结果反映了马拉维目前的诊断和医疗记录实践，为马拉维未来的痴呆症研究提供了有价值的基础。
