Elymany Mahmoud M, Elsonbaty Nadia A, FLah Aymen, Prokop Lukas, Kraiem Habib, Enany Mohamed A, Shaier Ahmed A
Electrical Power and Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
Processes, Energy, Environment, and Electrical Systems, National Engineering School of Gabès, University of Gabès, Gabès, Tunisia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 5;15(1):7707. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92466-y.
This manuscript presents an innovative control strategy for the Hybrid Excitation Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (HEPMSM) designed for electric vehicle (EV) applications. The strategy combines Maximum Torque Point Tracking (MTPT) and Maximum Torque Per Ampere (MTPA) techniques to track the ideal torque-speed profile, ensuring maximum torque at low speeds for starting and climbing, and high power at higher speeds for cruising. A novel unidirectional excitation current method is proposed to replace traditional bidirectional field current control, eliminating the risk of permanent magnet demagnetization, reducing copper losses, and increasing efficiency. This approach extends the constant power (CP) region by a 4.2:1 ratio. The manuscript also introduces a detailed mathematical model, considering both iron core losses and their impact on the EV profile. Additionally, the Multi-Objective Ant Lion Optimizer (MOALO) algorithm is used in two stages: first to optimize the hybridization ratio (HR) and base speed (N), and second to analyze the effect of varying the hybridization ratio while maintaining constrained output power. The proposed strategy is validated through MATLAB simulations, demonstrating its effectiveness in achieving high acceleration, efficiency, and reliability for EV applications.
本文提出了一种针对电动汽车（EV）应用设计的混合励磁永磁同步电机（HEPMSM）的创新控制策略。该策略结合了最大转矩点跟踪（MTPT）和每安培最大转矩（MTPA）技术，以跟踪理想的转矩-速度曲线，确保在低速时启动和爬坡时有最大转矩，在高速时巡航时有高功率。提出了一种新颖的单向励磁电流方法来取代传统的双向励磁电流控制，消除了永磁体退磁的风险，降低了铜损，并提高了效率。这种方法将恒功率（CP）区域扩展了4.2:1的比例。本文还引入了一个详细的数学模型，考虑了铁芯损耗及其对电动汽车曲线的影响。此外，多目标蚁狮优化器（MOALO）算法分两个阶段使用：首先优化混合比（HR）和基速（N），其次在保持输出功率受限的情况下分析改变混合比的效果。所提出的策略通过MATLAB仿真得到验证，证明了其在实现电动汽车应用的高加速度、效率和可靠性方面的有效性。
