Westerhold Thomas, Dallanave Edoardo, Penman Donald, Schoene Blair, Röhl Ursula, Gussone Nikolaus, Kuroda Junichiro
MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
Sci Adv. 2025 Mar 7;11(10):eadr8584. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adr8584.
At the end of the Cretaceous, the massive Deccan trap (DT) volcanic eruptions are regarded as the primary driver of global climate deterioration. Accurate age models are key to unravel the sequence of events related to DT volcanism onset and effects on the global climate system. We establish a direct geochemical link between DT volcanism as recorded in marine osmium isotopic data and global climate change documented in benthic foraminifera carbon and oxygen isotope records. Based on our state-of-the-art astronomically calibrated age model, two major shifts in marine Os/Os at 66.49 and 66.28 million years ago are contemporaneous with major eruption phases of the DT and disruptions of the global carbon cycle. Geochemical records and modeling suggest larger erupted volumes with high volatile emissions for the early phase of DT volcanism and point to differing emissions of SO and CO during the observed marine osmium shifts with diverse effects on the global climate system.
在白垩纪末期，大规模的德干地盾（DT）火山喷发被视为全球气候恶化的主要驱动因素。精确的年代模型是解开与DT火山活动开始及对全球气候系统影响相关事件序列的关键。我们在海洋锇同位素数据记录的DT火山活动与底栖有孔虫碳和氧同位素记录记载的全球气候变化之间建立了直接的地球化学联系。基于我们最先进的天文校准年代模型，6649万年前和6628万年前海洋Os/Os的两次重大变化与DT的主要喷发阶段以及全球碳循环的中断同时发生。地球化学记录和模型表明，DT火山活动早期喷发量更大且挥发性排放物含量高，并指出在观测到的海洋锇变化期间SO和CO的排放量不同，对全球气候系统有不同影响。
