Parish R A, Myers P A, Brandner A, Templin K H
Child Abuse Negl. 1985;9(2):245-50. doi: 10.1016/0145-2134(85)90017-1.
Few objective measures of the efficacy of intervention programs in the treatment of child abuse exist. One such measure may be improvement in the developmental delays often seen in abused children. Using the Learning Assessment Profile, we tested 53 abused children, ages 2.5-5 years, just before and after involvement in our Family Development Center Program (FDC). The FDC emphasizes therapy-group-interaction for parents, where alternative ways of expressing anger are explored. Children attend daily preschool classes, and take occasional outside field trips. Of the 53 children tested 42 (79%) showed greater than expected developmental skills gains. Six children demonstrated no improvement in developmental skills, four of whom had severe developmental delays in one or two areas. Fine motor and language skills were significantly delayed for the group as a whole; these areas showed the greatest improvement after FDC. There did not appear to be an overall association between increased improvement in developmental skills and length of time in the FDC program, although certain subgroups of children appeared to improve with time while others appeared to lose ground. A five-year follow-up study of these children is presently underway. We conclude that a program which involves both parent and child, and focuses on their interaction, appears to be effective in dealing with abusive families; monitoring developmental levels in the abused children is one means of assessing their progress in such a program. Further controlled prospective trials are needed in this area.
目前几乎没有针对虐待儿童干预项目疗效的客观衡量标准。其中一个衡量标准可能是改善受虐儿童中常见的发育迟缓问题。我们使用学习评估档案，在53名年龄在2.5至5岁的受虐儿童参与我们的家庭发展中心项目（FDC）之前和之后对他们进行了测试。FDC强调针对家长的治疗性小组互动，探索表达愤怒的替代方式。孩子们每天上幼儿园课程，偶尔进行户外实地考察。在接受测试的53名儿童中，42名（79%）的发育技能提升超过预期。6名儿童的发育技能没有改善，其中4名儿童在一两个领域存在严重发育迟缓。整个小组的精细运动和语言技能明显滞后；这些领域在参与FDC项目后改善最为显著。发育技能提升的增加与在FDC项目中的时长之间似乎没有总体关联，尽管某些儿童亚组似乎随着时间推移有所改善，而其他儿童则似乎出现退步。目前正在对这些儿童进行为期五年的随访研究。我们得出结论，一个涉及家长和孩子并专注于他们互动的项目，似乎在应对虐待家庭方面是有效的；监测受虐儿童的发育水平是评估他们在这样一个项目中进展的一种方式。这一领域需要进一步的对照前瞻性试验。
