Hočevar Alojzija, Jurčič Vesna, Rotar Žiga
Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 Feb 25;12:1551772. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1551772. eCollection 2025.
Cancer has been reported as a potential trigger for IgA vasculitis (IgAV) in adults; however, data on this topic are scarce. The aim of our study was to examine the frequency and location of cancer in adults with IgAV.
We included 295 IgAV patients diagnosed between January 2010 and June 2021 and followed at our secondary/tertiary rheumatology centre. Cancer episodes were recorded and classified into three groups according to their temporal relation to IgAV: (1) cancer diagnosed prior to IgAV; (2) cancer diagnosed concurrently with IgAV; and (3) cancer diagnosed during IgAV follow-up. The term IgAV associated with cancer (IgAV-CA) was used for IgAV cases presenting while cancer was active or diagnosed within a three-year period before or after the IgAV diagnosis.
Forty-seven IgAV patients (15.9%) developed a total of 56 different cancers. Of these, 43 cancers (76.8%) preceded the IgAV diagnosis, 3 cancers (5.3%) were diagnosed concurrently with IgAV, and 10 cancers (17.9%) were diagnosed during the IgAV follow-up. Twenty-two IgAV patients (7.5%) who developed a total of 24 cancers (42.9%) could be classified as IgAV-CA cases. The three most frequently diagnosed cancers in the IgAV-CA group were prostatic, renal and bladder cancer, together accounting for 50% of cancers. Age and smoking were associated with concurrent cancers, and arthritis represented a risk factor for cancer development during IgAV follow-up.
IgAV cases associated with cancer represent 7% of adult IgAV cases. In elderly patients, careful examination of the urogenital tract is warranted when cancer is suspected.
癌症已被报道为成人IgA血管炎（IgAV）的潜在触发因素；然而，关于这一主题的数据很少。我们研究的目的是调查成人IgAV患者中癌症的发生率和部位。
我们纳入了2010年1月至2021年6月期间在我们的二级/三级风湿病中心诊断并随访的295例IgAV患者。记录癌症发作情况，并根据其与IgAV的时间关系分为三组：（1）IgAV诊断前诊断的癌症；（2）与IgAV同时诊断的癌症；（3）IgAV随访期间诊断的癌症。与癌症相关的IgAV（IgAV-CA）一词用于在癌症活跃时出现或在IgAV诊断前或后三年内诊断的IgAV病例。
47例IgAV患者（15.9%）共发生了56种不同的癌症。其中，43例癌症（76.8%）在IgAV诊断之前，3例癌症（5.3%）与IgAV同时诊断，10例癌症（17.9%）在IgAV随访期间诊断。22例IgAV患者（7.5%）共发生了24种癌症（42.9%），可归类为IgAV-CA病例。IgAV-CA组中最常诊断的三种癌症是前列腺癌、肾癌和膀胱癌，共占癌症的50%。年龄和吸烟与同时发生的癌症有关，关节炎是IgAV随访期间癌症发生的危险因素。
与癌症相关的IgAV病例占成人IgAV病例的7%。在老年患者中，怀疑有癌症时，有必要仔细检查泌尿生殖道。
