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构成位于甘油主链末端-1和-3位的活性药物的对映体结构三酰甘油前药的合成。

Synthesis of Enantiostructured Triacylglycerol Prodrugs Constituting an Active Drug Located at Terminal -1 and -3 Positions of the Glycerol Backbone.

作者信息

Jónsdottir Lena Rós, Haraldsson Gudmundur G

机构信息

Science Institute, Chemistry Department, University of Iceland, Dunhaga 3, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland.

出版信息

Molecules. 2025 Feb 21;30(5):991. doi: 10.3390/molecules30050991.

Abstract

The current paper reports the asymmetric synthesis of a focused library of enantiostructured triacylglycerols (TAGs) constituting a potent drug of the NSAID type (ibuprofen or naproxen) along with a pure bioactive n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intended as a novel type of prodrug. In this second category, a TAG prodrug of the terminal -1 or -3 position of the glycerol skeleton is acylated with a single saturated medium-chain fatty acid (C6, C8, C10, or C12), and another with the drug entity; the PUFA (EPA or DHA) is located in the -2 position. This was accomplished by a six-step chemoenzymatic approach, two of which were promoted by a lipase, starting from enantiopure ()- and ()-solketals. The highly regioselective immobilized lipase (CAL-B) played a crucial role in the regiocontrol of the synthesis. The most challenging key step involved the incorporation of the drugs that were activated as oxime esters by the lipase exclusively in the terminal position of glycerol that is protected as a benzyl ether. All combinations, a total of 32 such prodrug TAGs, were prepared, isolated, and fully characterized, along with 24 acylglycerol intermediates, obtained in very-high-to-excellent yields in the majority of cases.

摘要

本文报道了对映体结构的三酰甘油(TAGs)聚焦库的不对称合成,该库由一种有效的非甾体抗炎药(NSAID)类型(布洛芬或萘普生)的药物以及一种作为新型前药的纯生物活性n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)组成。在第二类中,甘油骨架末端-1或-3位的TAG前药被单一饱和中链脂肪酸(C6、C8、C10或C12)酰化,另一个被药物实体酰化;PUFA(EPA或DHA)位于-2位。这是通过一种六步化学酶法实现的,其中两步由脂肪酶促进,从对映体纯的()-和()-缩酮开始。高度区域选择性的固定化脂肪酶(CAL-B)在合成的区域控制中起关键作用。最具挑战性的关键步骤涉及将被脂肪酶激活为肟酯的药物仅掺入作为苄基醚保护的甘油末端位置。总共制备、分离并完全表征了32种这样的前药TAGs的所有组合,以及24种酰基甘油中间体,在大多数情况下以非常高到优异的产率获得。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7d25/11902219/ffe1ae5495dc/molecules-30-00991-g001.jpg

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