Chen Fang, Lou Yunkun, Guan Junfeng, Lan Xue, Su Zeliang, Xu Chao, Li Yuanyou, Xie Dizhi
College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Foods. 2025 Feb 25;14(5):788. doi: 10.3390/foods14050788.
This study evaluated the effects of different lipid sources-fish oil (FO), soybean oil, rapeseed oil, and palm oil-on the growth and muscle quality of golden pompano () cultured in offshore cages for 10 weeks. Three diets (D1-D3) were formulated: D1 used only fish oil, D2 blended fish, rapeseed oil, and palm oil, and D3 combined fish and soybean oils. Fish in the D1 group showed the highest weight gain, specific growth rate, and muscle protein content, significantly outperforming D3. No significant differences in muscle lipid content or edible quality were found between groups. D1 had the highest levels of long-chain and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), while D3 had higher n-6 PUFA. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were higher in D1 and D2 than in D3. Muscle volatiles like aldehydes and amines were elevated in D1, with more pleasant flavors compared to D2 and D3. Muscle texture was superior in D2. These results suggest that rapeseed and palm oils can enhance growth, flavor, and texture in fish on low FO diets, offering a sustainable alternative to reduce reliance on marine-based feed in aquaculture.
本研究评估了不同脂质来源——鱼油（FO）、大豆油、菜籽油和棕榈油——对在近海网箱中养殖10周的金鲳（）生长和肌肉品质的影响。配制了三种饲料（D1 - D3）：D1仅使用鱼油，D2混合了鱼、菜籽油和棕榈油，D3则将鱼和大豆油混合。D1组的鱼体重增加、特定生长率和肌肉蛋白质含量最高，显著优于D3组。各组之间在肌肉脂质含量或食用品质方面未发现显著差异。D1组的长链和n - 3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）水平最高，而D3组的n - 6 PUFA含量更高。D1组和D2组的饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸含量高于D3组。D1组中肌肉挥发物如醛类和胺类有所升高，与D2组和D3组相比具有更宜人的风味。D2组的肌肉质地更佳。这些结果表明，在低鱼油饲料中，菜籽油和棕榈油可以促进鱼类生长、改善风味和质地，为减少水产养殖对海洋来源饲料的依赖提供了一种可持续的替代方案。
