Jędrejko Maciej, Kała Katarzyna, Muszyńska Bożena
Department of Medicinal Plant and Mushroom Biotechnology, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
Nutrients. 2025 Feb 27;17(5):828. doi: 10.3390/nu17050828.
Histidine is an amino acid which plays a critical role in protein synthesis, muscle buffering during anaerobic exercise, and antioxidation. It also acts as a precursor to carnosine, a dipeptide that enhances physical performance by being present in fast-contracting muscle fibers and contributing to buffering capacity. Recent studies have examined other histidine-containing compounds, such as anserine, balenine, and ergothioneine, to assess their potential benefits for physical activity. This narrative review focuses on the literature about the effects of dietary supplementation with these histidine-containing compounds on exercise capacity in animals and humans. The findings indicate that anserine may improve physical performance and reduce fatigue, particularly in quick, repetitive activities. Although balenine has been less extensively studied, it has shown promise in enhancing muscle regeneration and antioxidative defense in animal models. Ergothioneine, a sulfur-containing histidine derivative, displayed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in both animal and human studies, suggesting its potential role in reducing exercise-induced oxidative stress and aiding recovery. The diversity of the presented studies and their limitations do not provide an opportunity to confirm the ergogenic properties of the histidine-containing compounds studied. Nevertheless, supplementation with anserine and ergothioneine shows promise for enhancing physical performance and recovery, though further research is required to better understand their mechanisms and optimize their use in sports and exercise.
组氨酸是一种氨基酸，在蛋白质合成、无氧运动期间的肌肉缓冲以及抗氧化过程中发挥着关键作用。它还是肌肽的前体，肌肽是一种二肽，通过存在于快速收缩的肌纤维中并有助于缓冲能力来提高身体性能。最近的研究已经考察了其他含组氨酸的化合物，如鹅肌肽、β-丙氨酰-L-组氨酸和麦角硫因，以评估它们对体育活动的潜在益处。这篇叙述性综述聚焦于关于补充这些含组氨酸化合物的饮食对动物和人类运动能力影响的文献。研究结果表明，鹅肌肽可能会改善身体性能并减轻疲劳，尤其是在快速、重复性活动中。尽管β-丙氨酰-L-组氨酸的研究较少，但在动物模型中它已显示出增强肌肉再生和抗氧化防御的前景。麦角硫因是一种含硫的组氨酸衍生物，在动物和人体研究中均表现出抗氧化和抗炎特性，表明其在减轻运动诱导的氧化应激和辅助恢复方面的潜在作用。所呈现研究的多样性及其局限性并未提供机会来证实所研究的含组氨酸化合物的促力特性。尽管如此，补充鹅肌肽和麦角硫因在提高身体性能和恢复方面显示出前景，不过需要进一步研究以更好地理解它们的作用机制并优化它们在体育和运动中的应用。
