Toward a conceptual model to improve the user experience of a sustainable and secure intelligent transport system.

The rapid advancement of automotive technologies has spurred the development of innovative applications within intelligent transportation systems (ITS), aimed at enhancing safety, efficiency and sustainability. These applications, such as advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication and autonomous driving, are transforming transportation by enabling adaptive cruise control, lane-keeping assistance, real-time traffic management and predictive maintenance. By leveraging cloud computing and vehicular networks, intelligent transportation solutions optimize traffic flow, improve emergency response systems, and forecast potential collisions, contributing to safer and more efficient roads. This study proposes a Vehicular Cloud-based Intelligent Transportation System (VCITS) model, integrating vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication through roadside units (RSUs) and cloudlets to provide real-time access to cloud resources. A novel search and management protocol, supported by a tailored algorithm, was developed to enhance resource allocation success rates for vehicles within a defined area of interest. The study also identifies critical security vulnerabilities in smart vehicle networks, emphasizing the need for robust solutions to protect data integrity and privacy. The simulation experiments evaluated the VCITS model under various traffic densities and resource request scenarios. Results demonstrated that the proposed model effectively maintained service availability rates exceeding 85 % even under high demand. Furthermore, the system exhibited scalability and stability, with minimal service loss and efficient handling of control messages. These findings highlight the potential of the VCITS model to advance smart traffic management while addressing computational efficiency and security challenges. Future research directions include integrating cybersecurity measures and leveraging emerging technologies like 5G and 6G to further enhance system performance and safety.