Liu Junhui, Sun Jiao, Hu Jun, Xue Huaqian, Lei Lanjie, Pan Xiaoyi
Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China.
Changsha Stomatological Hospital, Changsha 410000, China.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2025 Jul;251:114604. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114604. Epub 2025 Mar 5.
Drug therapy is a key field in modern medicine, and the optimization of its delivery method is crucial. Traditional methods are inherently limited by first-pass effects, high-risk adverse reactions, and patient compliance challenges, which significantly restrict the effectiveness and application potential of drugs. Oral mucosal drug delivery has become a minimally invasive and effective drug delivery strategy. The unique anatomical structure of the oral mucosa facilitates the rapid absorption of drugs into the systemic circulation, thus producing rapid therapeutic effects. However, a complex oral microenvironment and mucosal barrier impede drug absorption. Biomaterials have become an important driving force for the innovative development of oral medicine, owing to their unique and excellent properties. They are widely used for preventing, diagnosing, treating, and rehabilitating oral diseases. This review explores recent advancements in biomaterial-enabled oral mucosal drug delivery systems, analyzing key physiological factors and absorption barriers that impact therapeutic outcomes. Focusing on innovative material engineering strategies highlights significant progress in extending drug residence time and improving delivery precision within the oral cavity. Furthermore, the study identifies critical challenges in translating these advancements from research to clinical practice, emphasizing the need for solutions to bridge this gap.
药物治疗是现代医学的关键领域，其给药方式的优化至关重要。传统方法固有地受到首过效应、高风险不良反应和患者依从性挑战的限制，这显著限制了药物的有效性和应用潜力。口腔黏膜给药已成为一种微创且有效的给药策略。口腔黏膜独特的解剖结构有助于药物迅速吸收进入体循环，从而产生快速治疗效果。然而，复杂的口腔微环境和黏膜屏障阻碍药物吸收。生物材料因其独特且优异的性能，已成为口腔医学创新发展的重要驱动力。它们广泛用于预防、诊断、治疗和修复口腔疾病。本综述探讨了基于生物材料的口腔黏膜给药系统的最新进展，分析了影响治疗效果的关键生理因素和吸收屏障。关注创新材料工程策略突出了在延长药物在口腔内的停留时间和提高给药精度方面取得的重大进展。此外，该研究确定了将这些进展从研究转化为临床实践中的关键挑战，强调需要解决方案来弥合这一差距。
