Porras-Pérez Esther, Romero-Cabrera Juan L, Díaz-Cáceres Alberto, Serrán-Jiménez Alejandro, Arenas-Montes Javier, Peña-Orihuela Patricia J, De-Castro-Burón Isabel, García-Ríos Antonio, Torres-Peña José D, Malagón María M, Delgado-Lista Javier, Ordovás Jose M, Yubero-Serrano Elena M, Pérez-Martínez Pablo
Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba Reina Sofia University Hospital Córdoba Spain.
CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN) Institute of Health Carlos III Madrid Spain.
J Am Heart Assoc. 2025 Mar 18;14(6):e037457. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.037457. Epub 2025 Mar 13.
Food insecurity is linked to poorer cardiovascular health (CVH) outcomes, particularly in underresourced communities, where social determinants of health play a critical role. Despite the recognized connections, there remains a lack of empirical evidence delineating the implications of food insecurity on CVH. CVH, a broader concept than cardiovascular disease, encompasses the overall well-being of the cardiovascular system and is supported by favorable lifestyle choices and physiological metrics. Particularly in underresourced communities, the study of CVH could provide valuable insights for early intervention and targeted public health initiatives. This study aimed to fill this knowledge gap.
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the E-DUCASS (Educational Strategy on a Vulnerable Population to Improve Cardiovascular Health and Food Insecurity) program (NCT05379842), a 24-month randomized study targeting participants at risk for food insecurity. CVH was assessed using the Life's Essential 8 score. The sample included 451 participants aged 12 to 80 years, stratified by age (30.6% children [aged 12-19 years], 35.9% young adults [aged 20-39 years], and 33.5% adults [aged 40-80 years]) and sex (42.1% men and 57.9% women). The mean CVH score was 65.1 (95% CI, 63.9-66.4), with diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, and body mass index being the lowest-scoring metrics. Food insecurity significantly influenced CVH; those participants with severe food insecurity had lower CVH scores than those without (effect size, -2.83 [95% CI, -5.10 to -0.56]; <0.05).
Our findings highlight the negative association between food insecurity and CVH in underresourced Mediterranean communities. These results underscore the need for strategies aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk, potentially through health literacy programs like E-DUCASS, that focus on improving lifestyle and alleviating food insecurity.
URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique Identifier: NCT05379842.
粮食不安全与较差的心血管健康（CVH）结果相关，尤其是在资源匮乏的社区，健康的社会决定因素在其中起着关键作用。尽管存在公认的联系，但仍缺乏实证证据来阐明粮食不安全对心血管健康的影响。心血管健康是一个比心血管疾病更广泛的概念，它涵盖心血管系统的整体健康状况，并受到良好生活方式选择和生理指标的支持。特别是在资源匮乏的社区，对心血管健康的研究可为早期干预和有针对性的公共卫生举措提供有价值的见解。本研究旨在填补这一知识空白。
我们对E-DUCASS（改善心血管健康和粮食不安全的弱势群体教育战略）项目（NCT05379842）的基线数据进行了横断面分析，该项目是一项为期24个月的随机研究，针对有粮食不安全风险的参与者。使用生命必需的8项评分来评估心血管健康。样本包括451名年龄在12至80岁之间的参与者，按年龄（30.6%为儿童[12至19岁]，35.9%为年轻人[20至39岁]，33.5%为成年人[40至80岁]）和性别（42.1%为男性，57.9%为女性）分层。心血管健康的平均评分为65.1（95%置信区间，63.9至66.4），饮食、身体活动、尼古丁暴露和体重指数是得分最低的指标。粮食不安全显著影响心血管健康；那些严重粮食不安全的参与者的心血管健康得分低于没有粮食不安全的参与者（效应大小，-2.83[95%置信区间，-5.10至-0.56]；P<0.05）。
我们的研究结果突出了资源匮乏的地中海社区中粮食不安全与心血管健康之间的负相关关系。这些结果强调了需要制定旨在降低心血管风险的策略，可能通过像E-DUCASS这样的健康素养项目，该项目专注于改善生活方式和缓解粮食不安全状况。
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