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[人工智能时代以患者为中心的医学:可能产生哪些影响和风险?]

[Patient-centered medicine in the era of artificial intelligence: what are the possible implications and risks?].

作者信息

Borghi Lidia, Gerli Alberto Giovanni, Vegni Elena

机构信息

Uoc di Psicologia clinica, Dipartimento di Salute mentale e delle dipendenze, Asst Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano.

Dipartimento di Scienze cliniche e di comunità, Università di Milano.

出版信息

Recenti Prog Med. 2025 Mar;116(3):142-149. doi: 10.1701/4460.44553.


DOI:10.1701/4460.44553
PMID:40084444
Abstract

Patient-Centered Care (PCC) is currently recognized as the gold standard for the doctor-patient relationship, and numerous studies associate it with the improvement of various outcomes. However, the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the healthcare field challenges doctor-patient interactions as conceived within the PCC. This article proposes a critical and open reflection on the impact of integrating AI into healthcare systems. It will discuss how the advent of AI can be integrated within a PCC paradigm and its role in decision-making processes, outlining its benefits but also potential critical issues from the perspective of patients, doctors, and the doctor-patient relationship. The available evidence indicates the need for a re-examination of the doctor-patient relationship paradigm that incorporates AI as a third party in the relationship. Furthermore, such incorporation will increasingly impact key dimensions of PCC: empathy, trust, and communication. Therefore, it is suggested to improve the educational training of doctors, who must be trained in the use of soft skills and prepared for a work environment assisted by AI.

摘要

以患者为中心的医疗服务(PCC)目前被公认为医患关系的黄金标准,众多研究表明它与各种治疗效果的改善相关。然而,医疗领域人工智能(AI)技术的出现对PCC所设想的医患互动提出了挑战。本文对将AI整合到医疗系统中的影响进行批判性和开放性反思。它将讨论AI的出现如何能在PCC范式中得以整合及其在决策过程中的作用,从患者、医生以及医患关系的角度概述其益处以及潜在的关键问题。现有证据表明需要重新审视将AI作为关系中的第三方纳入其中的医患关系范式。此外,这种纳入将越来越多地影响PCC的关键维度:同理心、信任和沟通。因此,建议加强医生的教育培训,医生必须接受软技能使用方面的培训,并为AI辅助的工作环境做好准备。

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