Kang Zheyu, Chen Linfu, Li Pengxing, Zheng Zixuan, Shen Jingjing, Xiao Zhisheng, Miao Yu, Yang Yang, Chen Qian
Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Sci Adv. 2025 Mar 14;11(11):eadt0341. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adt0341.
Specific bacteria, including , , , and , have been identified as contributors to breast cancer metastasis. Due to limitations such as lack of selectivity, traditional antibiotic therapies face obstacles in eliminating intratumoral bacteria. Herein, this work proposes the use of therapeutic vaccines to selectively target and eliminate harmful bacteria within tumors. A multivalent vaccine encapsulating both insoluble and soluble bacterial antigens was developed, addressing the shortcomings of traditional antibacterial vaccines by balancing broad antigen coverage with effective immune activation. This vaccine induces robust downstream immune responses to eliminate , , , and , demonstrating notable therapeutic and preventive efficacy in bacteria-induced cancer metastasis models. Unexpectedly, vaccinated infected mice showed even slower tumor metastasis than uninfected mice. Overall, this study validates the potential of nanovaccines in modulating the intratumoral microbiome for tumor therapy and highlights tumor-associated bacterial infections as potential promising antitumor targets.
包括 、 、 和 在内的特定细菌已被确定为乳腺癌转移的促成因素。由于缺乏选择性等局限性，传统抗生素疗法在消除肿瘤内细菌方面面临障碍。在此，这项工作提出使用治疗性疫苗来选择性地靶向和消除肿瘤内的有害细菌。开发了一种封装不溶性和可溶性细菌抗原的多价疫苗，通过平衡广泛的抗原覆盖和有效的免疫激活来解决传统抗菌疫苗的缺点。这种疫苗可诱导强大的下游免疫反应以消除 、 、 和 ，在细菌诱导的癌症转移模型中显示出显著的治疗和预防效果。出乎意料的是，接种疫苗的感染小鼠的肿瘤转移甚至比未感染小鼠更慢。总体而言，这项研究验证了纳米疫苗在调节肿瘤内微生物群用于肿瘤治疗方面的潜力，并突出了肿瘤相关细菌感染作为潜在的有前景的抗肿瘤靶点。
