Wang Mei, Ni Hongxin, Sun Pei, Liang Xiao, Huang Mei, Xu Song, Wang Bin, Ni Chunping
Medical Team, 32752 Troop of the Chinese PLA, Xiangyang Hubei, China.
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Mar 14;25(1):1010. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20833-x.
Military personnel face more stresses and challenges, and they are at greater risk of insomnia compared to the general population. Mental health is one of the primary ways of managing insomnia. However, there are few studies regarding the mediator in the two variables among this population. This study aimed to investigate the insomnia, mental health literacy, and mental health in young soldiers, to explore the correlation of the three variables and to verify the mediating role of mental health literacy between mental health and insomnia.
The cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2023 to March 2024. A total of 2375 soldiers was surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), 12-Item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and National Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire (NMHLQ). The data were processed using descriptive analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Spearman's correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis, and a mediation analysis.
The questionnaire of 2297 participants was valid with an effective rate of 96.72%. The majority of participants were male (2281, 99.30%). The mean age of participants was 23.49 ± 2.51years (range 18-35). The total score of ISI was 1 (0, 5), with a high occurrence rate of insomnia at 14.85%. The mental health displayed a significant positive correlation with insomnia (r = 0.333, P<0.001). Furthermore, the mental health literacy and its two dimensions-NMHLQ-mental health awareness (NMHLQ-A) and NMHLQ-identification and response to mental illness (NMHLQ-I) exhibited significant negative correlations with both mental health and insomnia (r=-0.346∽-0.074, P<0.001). Before and after adjusted control variables, the NMHLQ-A and NMHLQ-I played partial mediating role between mental health and insomnia, and the mediating effect ratios attributable to the NMHLQ-A were 17.79% and 17.41%, whereas to the NMHLQ-I were 2.33% and 2.20%.
Our findings highlight the potential negative impacts of mental health literacy on the insomnia of young soldiers directly and indirectly. Especially, NMHLQ-A and NMHLQ-I play partial mediating role between mental health and insomnia. According to these findings, Psychological service workers can develop and implement highly individualized effective interventions to improve young soldiers' mental health and sleep quality.
军事人员面临更多的压力和挑战，与普通人群相比，他们患失眠症的风险更高。心理健康是管理失眠的主要方法之一。然而，关于这一人群中两个变量之间的中介因素的研究很少。本研究旨在调查年轻士兵的失眠、心理健康素养和心理健康状况，探讨这三个变量之间的相关性，并验证心理健康素养在心理健康与失眠之间的中介作用。
横断面研究于2023年3月至2024年3月进行。使用一般信息问卷、失眠严重程度指数（ISI）、12项一般健康问卷（GHQ - 12）和国家心理健康素养问卷（NMHLQ）对总共2375名士兵进行了调查。数据采用描述性分析、曼 - 惠特尼U检验、克鲁斯卡尔 - 沃利斯H检验、斯皮尔曼相关性分析、逐步回归分析和中介分析进行处理。
2297名参与者的问卷有效，有效率为96.72%。大多数参与者为男性（2281名，99.30%）。参与者的平均年龄为23.49±2.51岁（范围18 - 35岁）。ISI总分中位数为1（0，5），失眠发生率较高，为14.85%。心理健康与失眠呈显著正相关（r = 0.333，P < 0.001）。此外，心理健康素养及其两个维度——NMHLQ - 心理健康意识（NMHLQ - A）和NMHLQ - 对精神疾病的识别与应对（NMHLQ - I）与心理健康和失眠均呈显著负相关（r = -0.346∽ -0.074，P < 0.001）。在调整控制变量前后，NMHLQ - A和NMHLQ - I在心理健康与失眠之间起部分中介作用，NMHLQ - A的中介效应比例分别为17.79%和17.41%，而NMHLQ - I的中介效应比例分别为2.33%和2.20%。
我们的研究结果突出了心理健康素养对年轻士兵失眠直接和间接的潜在负面影响。特别是，NMHLQ - A和NMHLQ - I在心理健康与失眠之间起部分中介作用。根据这些发现，心理服务工作者可以制定并实施高度个性化的有效干预措施，以改善年轻士兵的心理健康和睡眠质量。
