Guesmi Sondes, Ali Nashwan H, Missaoui Nadhem, Aloui Zouhaier, Mabrouk Chama, Martinez Carlos Castilla, Echouchene Fraj, Barhoumi Houcine, Jaffrezic-Renault Nicole, Kahri Hamza
Laboratory of Interfaces and Advanced Materials, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
Apllied Chemistry Department, Applied Sciences Collage, University of Samarra, Samarra 34010, Iraq.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Feb 22;25(5):1336. doi: 10.3390/s25051336.
This study presents the development of an innovative electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous detection of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) ions in environmental samples. The sensor is developed based on a composite material of zeolite imidazolate framework ZIF-7 and polyaniline (PANI), referred to as ZIF-7@PANI, where ZIF-7 is rapidly synthesized at room temperature and polyaniline used to enhance the conductivity of the composite. Characterization via X-ray diffraction (DRX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed successful synthesis. The composite was applied to a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using drop-casting for heavy metal ion detection. Experimental parameters-including pH, incubation time, deposited quantity, and drying time-were optimized using the Box-Behnken design. Under optimal conditions, the ZIF-7@PANI/GCE sensor demonstrated a broad dynamic concentration range (0.002-1 µM for Pb and 0.02-30 µM for Cd), with low detection limits (2.96 nM for Pb and 10.6 nM for Cd). It also exhibited strong anti-interference properties and high recovery rates (85-110%), highlighting its potential for real practical applications.
本研究介绍了一种创新型电化学传感器的研发，该传感器用于同时检测环境样品中的镉（Cd）离子和铅（Pb）离子。该传感器基于沸石咪唑酯骨架ZIF-7与聚苯胺（PANI）的复合材料开发而成，称为ZIF-7@PANI，其中ZIF-7在室温下快速合成，聚苯胺用于提高复合材料的导电性。通过X射线衍射（DRX）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）进行表征，证实了合成成功。采用滴铸法将该复合材料应用于玻碳电极（GCE）以检测重金属离子。使用Box-Behnken设计对包括pH值、孵育时间、沉积量和干燥时间在内的实验参数进行了优化。在最佳条件下，ZIF-7@PANI/GCE传感器显示出较宽的动态浓度范围（Pb为0.002 - 1 µM，Cd为0.02 - 30 µM），检测限较低（Pb为2.96 nM，Cd为10.6 nM）。它还表现出较强的抗干扰性能和较高的回收率（85 - 110%），突出了其在实际应用中的潜力。
