Zekraoui Hana, Ouchbel Taoufik, El Hafyani Mohamed Larbi, Fahssi Mohammed El, Majout Btissam, Bossoufi Badre, Skruch Paweł, Zhilenkov Anton, Mobayen Saleh
Laboratory of Electrical Engineering and Maintenance, University Mohammed 1, High School of Technology, Oujda, Morocco.
Laboratory of Electrical Engineering and Maintenance, University Mohammed 1, National School of Applied Sciences Oujda, Oujda, Morocco.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 17;15(1):9125. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-94042-w.
The development of renewable energies, particularly wind power, requires high-performance system modeling and optimization tools. Wind turbine emulators can reproduce the behavior of real wind turbines, facilitating the development and validation of control strategies in a secure, flexible environment. Wind turbine emulators must ensure accurate tracking of wind profiles, robustness to disturbances, and optimized execution in real-time, despite computational and hardware constraints. In addition, their extension to hybrid systems and smart grids imposes requirements in terms of integration and advanced energy management, making their design and implementation particularly complex. This paper presents an experimental examination into a revolutionary technique to wind turbine simulation. It details the design, analysis, and construction of a wind turbine that can stimulate both a real wind turbine's dynamic and static characteristics. The physical configuration of this simulator faithfully mimics the operation of a genuine wind turbine. To achieve a cost-effective and efficient emulation, an asynchronous machine (ASM) was chosen over a direct current (DC) machine since it is substantially less expensive, making it a better choice for wind turbine emulation. A backstepping control approach was applied to stabilize the ASM's operation by regulating its flux and controlling rotational speed, resulting in smooth and reliable performance. The primary objective of this approach is to develop a progressive control legislation that guarantees the overall stability of the system. The proposed method was first validated using MATLAB/Simulink simulations. The simulation findings were then validated using a Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) test for backstepping control on the dSPACE 1104 platform. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the method in evaluating robustness and performance, confirming its potential for advanced wind energy applications.
可再生能源的发展，尤其是风力发电，需要高性能的系统建模和优化工具。风力涡轮机模拟器可以再现真实风力涡轮机的行为，便于在安全、灵活的环境中开发和验证控制策略。尽管存在计算和硬件限制，但风力涡轮机模拟器必须确保精确跟踪风廓线、对干扰具有鲁棒性并实时优化执行。此外，将其扩展到混合系统和智能电网对集成和先进能源管理提出了要求，使其设计和实施特别复杂。本文对一种用于风力涡轮机模拟的革命性技术进行了实验研究。它详细介绍了一种能够模拟真实风力涡轮机动态和静态特性的风力涡轮机的设计、分析和构建。该模拟器的物理配置忠实地模仿了真实风力涡轮机的运行。为了实现具有成本效益和高效的仿真，选择了异步电机（ASM）而非直流电机，因为它成本低得多，是风力涡轮机仿真的更好选择。应用反步控制方法通过调节其磁通量和控制转速来稳定异步电机的运行，从而实现平稳可靠的性能。这种方法的主要目标是制定一种渐进的控制规则，以保证系统的整体稳定性。所提出的方法首先通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真进行验证。然后在dSPACE 1104平台上使用硬件在环（HIL）测试对反步控制的仿真结果进行验证。结果证明了该方法在评估鲁棒性和性能方面的有效性，证实了其在先进风能应用中的潜力。
