Sykopetrites Vittoria, Sica Eleonora, Di Maro Flavia, Cristofari Eliana
Department of Audiovestibology, ASST dei Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy.
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2025 Feb;45(1):58-69. doi: 10.14639/0392-100X-N2778.
To identify the incidence of intra- and postoperative complications of adult and paediatric cochlear implants (CIs) in a large cohort with long follow-up.
Retrospective chart analysis of 2000 consecutive cases of CI in a single institution.
8.9% of paediatric CIs developed a complication after a mean period of 5.5 ± 5.8 years. 12% of adult CIs developed a complication after a mean period of 3.5 ± 5.3 years.
Seroma was the most frequent paediatric complication (1.8%), after a mean of 8.9 ± 5.4 years, while vertigo was the most common complaint in adults (2.5%), emerging in the first year. Both complications were generally managed conservatively. Acute otitis media or abscess with extrusion of the receiver/stimulator required surgical revision, with or without CI explantation, in 23.5% and 76.9% of cases, respectively. Cholesteatoma or chronic otitis media were always treated surgically and required CI explantation in 86.7% of cases. All cases complicated by device failure (1.2% and 0.8% of paediatric and adult CIs, respectively) were treated with CI explantation and reimplantation, and emerged after a mean of 5 ± 4 years.
Knowledge and decades long monitoring of the complications related to CIs are fundamental.
在一个长期随访的大型队列中确定成人和儿童人工耳蜗植入术（CI）的术中及术后并发症发生率。
对一家机构连续2000例CI病例进行回顾性病历分析。
儿童CI中有8.9%在平均5.5±5.8年的时间后出现并发症。成人CI中有12%在平均3.5±5.3年的时间后出现并发症。
血清肿是儿童最常见的并发症（1.8%），平均发生时间为8.9±5.4年，而眩晕是成人最常见的主诉（2.5%），在第一年出现。这两种并发症通常采用保守治疗。急性中耳炎或脓肿伴接收器/刺激器外露分别在23.5%和76.9%的病例中需要进行手术翻修，手术中或有或没有取出CI。胆脂瘤或慢性中耳炎总是采用手术治疗，在86.7%的病例中需要取出CI。所有因设备故障而出现并发症的病例（儿童CI和成人CI分别为1.2%和0.8%）均采用取出并重新植入CI的治疗方法，平均在5±4年后出现。
了解与CI相关的并发症并进行数十年的监测至关重要。
