Dannheim Indra, Ludwig-Walz Helena, Kirsch Halina, Bujard Martin, Buyken Anette E, Richardson Katherine M, Kroke Anja
Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Leipziger Straße 123, 36037 Fulda, Germany.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2025 Jul 1;51(4):265-281. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.4219. Epub 2025 Mar 18.
Based on the well-documented role of supervisors` in fostering healthy workplaces and managing the impact of work-related stress, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of leader-targeted stress management interventions (SMI) on their psychological stress, mindfulness, mental health, and work- and leadership-related outcomes.
Eligible studies, including randomized controlled trials or controlled before-after studies, examining the effects of leader-targeted SMI on supervisors` psychological stress, mindfulness, mental health, and work- and leadership-related outcomes, were identified in four electronic databases and supplemented by manual search strategies. Screening for eligibility, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and certainty of evidence grading, following PRISMA guidelines and Cochrane Handbook recommendations, were done in duplicate. Data were pooled in random effects models to synthesize g-scores. Sensitivity and moderator analyses were used to assess the robustness of the results and explore potential sources of heterogeneity.
The 25 studies (N=2466 participants) meeting the full inclusion criteria varied widely in population characteristics, intervention types, duration, delivery methods, and examined outcomes. The overall intervention effect was g=0.13 [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.24- -0.01] after excluding outliers. Significant intervention effects were found for mental health [g=-0.38 (95% CI -0.69- -0.08)] and, after excluding influential cases, work- [g=-0.32 (95% CI -0.63- -0.00)] and leadership-related outcomes [g=-0.23 (95% CI -0.44- -0.02)].
Our meta-analysis suggests that leader-targeted SMI can be an effective approach for promoting occupational health.
鉴于监督者在营造健康工作场所及管理工作相关压力影响方面的作用已得到充分记载，本研究旨在确定针对领导者的压力管理干预措施（SMI）对其心理压力、正念、心理健康以及工作和领导相关结果的有效性。
在四个电子数据库中识别符合条件的研究，包括随机对照试验或前后对照研究，这些研究考察了针对领导者的SMI对监督者心理压力、正念、心理健康以及工作和领导相关结果的影响，并通过手动检索策略进行补充。按照PRISMA指南和Cochrane手册建议，由两人独立进行资格筛选、数据提取、偏倚风险评估和证据确定性分级。数据汇总到随机效应模型中以合成g分数。采用敏感性分析和调节因素分析来评估结果的稳健性并探索异质性的潜在来源。
符合全部纳入标准的25项研究（N = 2466名参与者）在人群特征、干预类型、持续时间、实施方式和考察结果方面差异很大。排除异常值后，总体干预效应为g = 0.13 [95%置信区间（CI）-0.24 - -0.01]。在心理健康方面发现了显著的干预效应[g = -0.38（95% CI -0.69 - -0.08）]，排除有影响的案例后，在工作方面[g = -0.32（95% CI -0.63 - -0.00）]和领导相关结果方面[g = -0.23（95% CI -0.44 - -0.02）]也发现了显著干预效应。
我们的荟萃分析表明，针对领导者的SMI可以成为促进职业健康的有效方法。
