Dargiri Soheila Aghaei, Naeimi Shahram, Nekouei Mojtaba Khayam
Department of Biological Control Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, 19858-13111, Iran.
Department of Bioscience, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Mar 19;25(1):354. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-06388-y.
Salinity stress severely impacts wheat productivity, necessitating effective strategies to enhance crop resilience. This study investigates the potential of Penicillium chrysogenum CM022 as a biological agent to alleviate the impact of salinity stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). P. chrysogenum CM022 improved germination of wheat seeds, particularly under salinity of 150 mM NaCl. Fungal inoculation significantly improved plant growth in terms of root length, plant height, and seedling biomass, even under high salinity conditions. Notably, inoculated plants preserved photosynthetic pigments and reduced oxidative damage, evidenced by lower levels of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde (MDA), compared to non-inoculated controls. The inoculated plants also exhibited enhanced proline and soluble sugar contents, which are crucial for osmotic adjustment under stress. Additionally, P. chrysogenum CM022 significantly increased the antioxidant capacity of wheat, boosting total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity under high salinity. These findings underscore the potential of P. chrysogenum CM022 in improving wheat tolerance to salinity stress through physiological, biochemical, and antioxidant defense mechanisms, supporting its use in sustainable agricultural practices to mitigate the adverse effects of salinity on crop production.
盐胁迫严重影响小麦产量，因此需要有效的策略来增强作物的抗逆性。本研究调查了产黄青霉CM022作为一种生物制剂减轻盐胁迫对小麦（普通小麦）影响的潜力。产黄青霉CM022提高了小麦种子的发芽率，尤其是在150 mM NaCl盐度条件下。即使在高盐度条件下，接种真菌也显著促进了植株根系长度、株高和幼苗生物量等方面的生长。值得注意的是，与未接种的对照相比，接种植株保留了光合色素并减少了氧化损伤，表现为过氧化氢（H₂O₂）和丙二醛（MDA）水平较低。接种植株还表现出脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量增加，这对胁迫下的渗透调节至关重要。此外，产黄青霉CM022显著提高了小麦的抗氧化能力，增加了总酚和类黄酮含量，并在高盐度下增强了抗氧化酶活性。这些发现强调了产黄青霉CM022通过生理、生化和抗氧化防御机制提高小麦耐盐胁迫能力的潜力，支持其在可持续农业实践中用于减轻盐度对作物生产的不利影响。
