Peng Lei, Liu Yanmei, Deng Yujun, Jing Jianan, Chen Gaohuang, Liu Yang, Wu Maofeng, Lin Jinduan, Yin Weiguo
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital (Qingyuan People's Hospital), Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong, 511518, China.
Endocrinology department, The Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital (Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong, 511518, China.
Lipids Health Dis. 2025 Mar 18;24(1):97. doi: 10.1186/s12944-025-02507-8.
Insulin resistance and associated metabolic health symptoms remain a primary global health concern. In addition to healthy dietary and nutritional programs, sleep duration is closely related to and has been linked to healthy metabolism. This study aimed to determine the link between insulin resistance and sleep duration and the dietary intake of live microbes.
Data were collected from 15,927 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database from 2005 to 2018; this sample is equivalent to 209,316,590 individuals in the United States. The participants were categorized according to their consumption of foods containing live microbes: low, medium, high, and medium-high. The relationship between diets containing live microbes and the triglyceride-glucose index was analysed using a weighted multivariate linear regression model with a multistage sampling approach. The individuals were deemed to have insulin resistance if their homeostatic model assessment score for insulin resistance was ≥ 2. The relationship between diets containing live microbes and insulin resistance status was assessed using weighted multivariate logistic regression analyses. The mediating role of sleep duration on the relationship between diets containing live microbes and the triglyceride-glucose index was also examined.
After accounting for potential confounders, diets containing live microbes at medium and medium-high levels were significantly associated with a reduced triglyceride-glucose index. The medium and medium-high levels of live microbial intake were also associated with a lower risk of insulin resistance. Within the 6-9 hours' sleep duration range, the indirect effect of medium and medium-high levels of live microbes on the triglyceride-glucose index was observed, accounting for 2.95% and 6.08% of the overall change, respectively.
This study suggests an association between a diet rich in medium and medium-high viable microbes, lower triglyceride-glucose index values, and a reduced risk of developing insulin resistance. Additionally, a sleep duration of 6-9 h may mediate this association.
胰岛素抵抗及相关代谢健康症状仍是全球主要的健康问题。除了健康的饮食和营养计划外，睡眠时间与健康代谢密切相关且存在关联。本研究旨在确定胰岛素抵抗与睡眠时间以及活微生物饮食摄入量之间的联系。
数据收集自2005年至2018年美国国家健康与营养检查调查数据库中的15927名参与者；该样本相当于美国的209316590人。参与者根据其对含活微生物食物的摄入量分为低、中、高和中高四类。采用加权多元线性回归模型和多阶段抽样方法分析含活微生物饮食与甘油三酯 - 葡萄糖指数之间的关系。如果个体的胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估得分≥2，则被认为存在胰岛素抵抗。使用加权多元逻辑回归分析评估含活微生物饮食与胰岛素抵抗状态之间的关系。还研究了睡眠时间在含活微生物饮食与甘油三酯 - 葡萄糖指数之间关系中的中介作用。
在考虑潜在混杂因素后，中水平和中高水平含活微生物的饮食与降低的甘油三酯 - 葡萄糖指数显著相关。中水平和中高水平的活微生物摄入量也与较低的胰岛素抵抗风险相关。在6 - 9小时睡眠时间范围内，观察到中水平和中高水平活微生物对甘油三酯 - 葡萄糖指数的间接影响，分别占总体变化的2.95%和6.08%。
本研究表明，富含中水平和中高水平活微生物的饮食、较低的甘油三酯 - 葡萄糖指数值以及较低的胰岛素抵抗发生风险之间存在关联。此外，6 - 9小时的睡眠时间可能介导这种关联。
