Galen's Surgical Legacy: Treating the Children in Ancient Rome.

Galen of Pergamon (128-216 AD) is one of the most renowned physicians of antiquity, known for his extensive contributions to various medical disciplines. His early career included treating traumatic injuries, which developed his knowledge of human anatomy and surgical techniques. The aim of this work is to analyze the contributions of Galen to the history of pediatric surgery. Galen's work in pediatric surgery is notable for its detailed case reports and methods, such as using healing poultices. He emphasized the necessity of surgery only when required, criticizing colleagues who endangered patient safety. Galen's writings also provide unique insights into the health of children in Imperial Rome, offering information not easily found in other sources. His meticulous approach to patient care and willingness to adapt treatments based on age and condition highlight his advanced medical understanding. In conclusion, Galen's impact on surgery extended into the Middle Ages and beyond, making his works essential for anyone interested in the history of surgery and particularly in the history of pediatric surgical practices.