Paimard Giti, Ahmadi Elahe, Roshanfekr Hamideh, Mollarasouli Fariba, Azadbakht Azadeh, Safari Mehregan
Laboratory of Novel Optoelectronic Technology for Ophthalmic Diagnostics (NOTOD), School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry, and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Technopole of Rimini, Rimini, Italy.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2025 May;42(5):663-678. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2025.2478616. Epub 2025 Mar 19.
The present study evaluated the preparation of L-cysteine capped FeO (magnetite) nanoparticles (LCys-FeO NPs), with a particular focus on their potential as an adsorbent and also the efficiency of these NPs in the removal of patulin from apple juice. The methods employed, including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), effectively showed the synthesis of LCys-FeO NPs. The proposed method was not only used for patulin removal; rather, it significantly enhanced the sensitivity of patulin measurement. The efficiency of patulin elimination was affected by many factors, including contact time (5-140 min), patulin initial concentration (50-150 µg/L), and amount of NPs (1-5 mg). The synthesized adsorbent achieved a removal efficiency of 98.6% for patulin adsorption at pH = 3.8. This was accomplished by employing 3 mg LCys-FeO NPs over a 100-min duration, resulting in a maximum adsorption capacity of 454 µg/g for the initial concentration of patulin 50 µg/L. This high removal efficiency can be attributed to active surface sites (-NH and -COOH groups). The removal information obtained from an HPLC method, using the prepared adsorbent, exhibited a good fit with the Freundlich isotherm, indicating a multi-layer adsorption process on the adsorbent. The experimental findings were analyzed using an adsorption kinetic model, revealing that the adsorption kinetics of patulin onto LCys-FeO NPs conformed to the pseudo-second-order model. In conclusion, the proposed method demonstrated remarkable efficacy in decreasing patulin concentrations in contaminated apple juice by approximately 81.5%. Moreover, the adsorption process had no impact on the quality of the apple juice.
本研究评估了L-半胱氨酸包覆的FeO（磁铁矿）纳米颗粒（LCys-FeO NPs）的制备，特别关注其作为吸附剂的潜力以及这些纳米颗粒从苹果汁中去除展青霉素的效率。所采用的方法，包括扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线粉末衍射分析（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR），有效地证明了LCys-FeO NPs的合成。所提出的方法不仅用于去除展青霉素；相反，它显著提高了展青霉素测量的灵敏度。展青霉素去除效率受许多因素影响，包括接触时间（5 - 140分钟）、展青霉素初始浓度（50 - 150μg/L）和纳米颗粒用量（1 - 5mg）。合成的吸附剂在pH = 3.8时对展青霉素的吸附去除效率达到98.6%。这是通过在100分钟内使用3mg LCys-FeO NPs实现的，对于展青霉素初始浓度50μg/L，最大吸附容量为454μg/g。这种高去除效率可归因于活性表面位点（-NH和-COOH基团）。使用制备的吸附剂通过HPLC方法获得的去除信息与弗伦德里希等温线拟合良好，表明在吸附剂上发生多层吸附过程。使用吸附动力学模型对实验结果进行分析，结果表明展青霉素在LCys-FeO NPs上的吸附动力学符合准二级模型。总之，所提出的方法在将受污染苹果汁中的展青霉素浓度降低约81.5%方面显示出显著效果。此外，吸附过程对苹果汁的质量没有影响。
