增进我们对女性人类尿道的尿路上皮、固有层、激素受体、血管供应和感觉方面的理解。
Advancing our Understanding of the Urothelium and Lamina Propria, Hormone Receptors, Vascular Supply, and Sensory Aspects of the Female Human Urethra.
作者信息
Mueller Margaret, Drumm Bernard T, Hannan Johanna L, Ruetten Hannah
机构信息
University of Chicago, Section of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Department of Life & Health Science, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk, Ireland.
出版信息
Neurourol Urodyn. 2025 Apr;44(4):935-943. doi: 10.1002/nau.70003. Epub 2025 Mar 19.
OBJECTIVE
Urinary continence is important for women's health and wellbeing. The female urethra has been understudied and mechanisms of continence remain poorly understood. Our objective is to provide a summary of current knowledge of the epithelium and lamina propria, hormone receptors, vascular supply, and sensory aspects of the female urethra and highlight continued gaps in knowledge.
METHODS
In October of 2020, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) sponsored a virtual seminar series entitled "Female Urethral Function and Failure: Advancing Basic and Translational Research for Genitourinary Conditions". We summarize the information presented during session 3 presentations, provide additional information from recent studies, and highlight continued gaps in knowledge.
RESULTS
A sensory role for urethral mucosa seems apparent based on the dense innervation of sensory afferent neurons but how the sensory afferents contribute to continence remains poorly understood. There is a complex relationship with behavior that comes into play when evaluating the contribution of sex hormones to urinary physiology. We need to update our understanding of where hormone receptors are located in the female urinary tract. Many causes of impaired urethral blood flow are also common risk factors for urinary dysfunction but we don't know how vasculature contributes to continence. Altered afferent urethral function has been implicated in several disease states, but is largely understudied.
CONCLUSION
There is much that remains to be learned about the urothelium and lamina propria, expression and influence of sex hormones and hormone receptors, vascular supply, and sensory aspects of the female urethra.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
No new data was generated for this manuscript, no clinical trial was conducted, and therefore clinical trial registration was not necessary.
目的
尿失禁对女性的健康和幸福至关重要。女性尿道一直未得到充分研究，尿失禁的机制仍知之甚少。我们的目的是总结目前关于女性尿道上皮和固有层、激素受体、血管供应及感觉方面的知识，并突出知识上仍存在的差距。
方法
2020年10月，美国国立糖尿病、消化和肾脏疾病研究所（NIDDK）主办了一系列名为“女性尿道功能与衰竭：推进泌尿生殖系统疾病的基础和转化研究”的虚拟研讨会。我们总结了第3场研讨会中展示的信息，提供了近期研究的其他信息，并突出了知识上仍存在的差距。
结果
基于感觉传入神经元的密集神经支配，尿道黏膜的感觉作用似乎很明显，但感觉传入神经如何促进尿失禁仍知之甚少。在评估性激素对泌尿生理学的作用时，与行为存在复杂的关系。我们需要更新对女性尿路中激素受体位置的理解。许多导致尿道血流受损的原因也是尿失禁功能障碍的常见危险因素，但我们不知道血管系统如何促进尿失禁。尿道传入功能改变与多种疾病状态有关，但在很大程度上仍未得到充分研究。
结论
关于女性尿道的尿路上皮和固有层、性激素和激素受体的表达及影响、血管供应以及感觉方面，仍有许多有待了解的地方。
试验注册
本手稿未生成新数据，未进行临床试验，因此无需进行临床试验注册。
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