Mutalib Haliza Abdul, Sharanjeet-Kaur Sharanjeet, Lin Ong Yi, Ishak Bashirah, Mohd Saman Mohd Norhafizun Bin, Hairol Mohd Izzuddin
Optometry & Vision Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
Int J Ophthalmol. 2025 Mar 18;18(3):462-468. doi: 10.18240/ijo.2025.03.13. eCollection 2025.
To compare the Ishihara test errors scores of colour vision deficiency (CVD) subjects when wearing four different types of red-tinted contact lenses (RCL) that differ in their transmittance as determined using a spectrophotometer.
Six congenital CVD subjects volunteered to participate in this study. Ishihara plates were used to determine the colour vision errors made, whereas Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue test was conducted to determine the total error scores (TES) and type of CVD. Four types of RCL (Types A, B, C and D) were inserted in the non-dominant eye and tested in a randomised manner by a masked operator. Errors scores in Ishihara test were determined at baseline without any contact lens and after wearing the four different RCL. The subjects were then divided into two groups based on the mean TES.
Repeated measures ANOVA with Greenhouse-Geisser corrections showed that there was a highly significant effect of RCL type on Ishihara error score [(2.056, 10.282)=30.214, <0.001]. Error scores with RCL Type B were significantly lower than errors made when no lens was worn, and with RCL Type C and Type D (all <0.001). Error scores with RCL Type B were also lower than those made with RCL Type A, however, they were not significantly different. For subjects with TES values less than 180, RCL type B showed the largest improvement in Ishihara error score (50%) compared to the other three RCLs. RCL type A showed the best performance in TES value of more than 180, with an improvement of 80% in Ishihara score. RCL Type A has the lowest transmittance at the confusion wavelength (450-568 nm), followed by RCL Types B, D and C.
This study shows that RCL can improve Ishihara error scores. RCL with lower transmission at 450-568 nm and 90% transmittance beyond 637 nm are the most effective. Lenses which could block more light between 550-580 nm are more effective for colour defectives with more severe colour defects.
比较患有色觉缺陷（CVD）的受试者在佩戴四种不同类型的红色隐形眼镜（RCL）时的石原氏色盲测试错误分数，这四种RCL的透过率通过分光光度计测定各不相同。
六名先天性CVD受试者自愿参与本研究。使用石原氏色盲测试图来确定所犯的色觉错误，同时进行 Farnsworth-Munsell 100色调测试以确定总错误分数（TES）和CVD类型。将四种类型的RCL（A、B、C和D型）插入非优势眼，并由一名蒙面操作员以随机方式进行测试。在不佩戴任何隐形眼镜的基线状态以及佩戴四种不同RCL后，确定石原氏色盲测试中的错误分数。然后根据平均TES将受试者分为两组。
采用Greenhouse-Geisser校正的重复测量方差分析表明，RCL类型对石原氏色盲测试错误分数有极显著影响[（2.056, 10.282）=30.214, <0.001]。B型RCL的错误分数显著低于不佩戴镜片时以及佩戴C型和D型RCL时的错误分数（均<0.001）。B型RCL的错误分数也低于A型RCL，但差异不显著。对于TES值小于180的受试者，与其他三种RCL相比，B型RCL在石原氏色盲测试错误分数方面改善最大（50%）。对于TES值大于180的受试者，A型RCL在石原氏色盲测试分数方面表现最佳，提高了80%。A型RCL在混淆波长（450 - 568 nm）处的透过率最低，其次是B、D和C型RCL。
本研究表明RCL可改善石原氏色盲测试错误分数。在450 - 568 nm处透过率较低且在637 nm以上透过率为90%的RCL最为有效。在550 - 580 nm之间能阻挡更多光线的镜片对色觉缺陷更严重的色觉缺陷者更有效。
