Ko Young-Chang, Lee Dong-Seol, Seol Yang-Jo, Lee Yong-Moo, Koo Ki-Tae, Park Joo-Cheol, Shon Won-Jun, Lee Jungwon
Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Laboratory for the Study of Regenerative Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
J Periodontal Res. 2025 Mar 19. doi: 10.1111/jre.13395.
Periodontal diseases pose significant challenges to oral health, making the regeneration of periodontal tissues a critical therapeutic goal. The goal is to restore dental function by repairing damaged tissue and reconstructing the healthy connective structure between the teeth and the alveolar bone. This study aimed to investigate the effects of selcopintide (SCPT) on the differentiation of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), cementoblasts, and osteoblasts in vitro, as well as the regeneration of periodontal tissue using a periodontal tissue defect model in dogs in vivo.
The expression of periodontal tissue marker genes, including periostin (POSTN), cementum attachment protein (CAP), dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1), and bone sialoprotein (BSP), was investigated in vitro. Chronic one-wall intrabony defects were created in a total of 12 beagle dogs (n = 6 at 6 and 12 weeks, respectively), and the surgical sites were treated with no treatment, guided tissue regeneration (GTR), GTR with SCPT 50 μg/0.1 mL, 100 μg/0.1 mL, and 250 μg/0.1 mL. The effects of SCPT on the regeneration of periodontal tissues, such as periodontal ligament (PDL), cementum, and bone, were analyzed in vivo.
SCPT influenced the proliferation and differentiation of cementoblasts and PDLCs. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that SCPT upregulated the expression of POSTN, CAP, DMP1, and BSP compared to the control. In the periodontal defect model, SCPT regenerated the periodontal complex. Additionally, the arrangement of the newly formed PDL-like fibers was perpendicular to the newly formed cementum and alveolar bone, similar to Sharpey's fibers in natural teeth, compared with the control.
In this preclinical study, histological and immunohistochemical analyses suggest that GTR with SCPT might be associated with increased periodontal ligament attachment and enhanced cementum and alveolar bone formation. Additional research with a larger sample size is needed to establish the optimal therapeutic protocols and validate the regenerative potential of SCPT.
牙周疾病对口腔健康构成重大挑战，使得牙周组织再生成为关键的治疗目标。该目标是通过修复受损组织以及重建牙齿与牙槽骨之间的健康结缔结构来恢复牙齿功能。本研究旨在体外研究硒代胱氨酸肽（SCPT）对牙周膜细胞（PDLCs）、成牙骨质细胞和成骨细胞分化的影响，以及在体内使用犬牙周组织缺损模型研究SCPT对牙周组织再生的影响。
体外研究包括骨膜蛋白（POSTN）、牙骨质附着蛋白（CAP）、牙本质基质蛋白1（DMP1）和骨唾液蛋白（BSP）等牙周组织标志物基因的表达。总共12只比格犬制造了慢性单壁骨内缺损（分别在6周和12周时每组n = 6只），手术部位分别进行不治疗、引导组织再生（GTR）、50μg/0.1mL SCPT的GTR、100μg/0.1mL SCPT的GTR以及250μg/0.1mL SCPT的GTR处理。体内分析SCPT对牙周组织再生的影响，如牙周膜（PDL）、牙骨质和骨。
SCPT影响成牙骨质细胞和PDLCs的增殖和分化。实时聚合酶链反应分析表明，与对照组相比，SCPT上调了POSTN、CAP、DMP1和BSP的表达。在牙周缺损模型中，SCPT使牙周复合体再生。此外，与对照组相比，新形成的类PDL纤维的排列垂直于新形成的牙骨质和牙槽骨，类似于天然牙齿中的沙比纤维。
在这项临床前研究中，组织学和免疫组织化学分析表明，SCPT联合GTR可能与增加牙周膜附着以及增强牙骨质和牙槽骨形成有关。需要进行更大样本量的进一步研究，以建立最佳治疗方案并验证SCPT的再生潜力。
